A meta-analysis of 15 randomized trials found that dietary fiber lowered fasting blood glucose by 0.85 mmol/L and HbA1c by 0.26 percent compared with placebo in people with type 2 diabetes, leading the authors to recommend more fiber for these patients.
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Food
High fiber diet may help prevent colorectal cancer
Pooling 25 prospective studies of nearly two million people, researchers linked each extra 10 grams of total or cereal fiber a day to 10 percent lower colorectal cancer risk, and three daily servings of whole grains to about 20 percent. Fruit and vegetable fiber showed no link.
Cancer
High dietary fiber intake may help prevent breast cancer
A meta-analysis of 10 cohort studies covering 712,000 people found the highest fiber eaters were 11 percent less likely to develop breast cancer, with each 10-gram increase tied to a 7 percent lower risk. The authors note this does not prove fiber caused the reduction.
Food
Dietary fiber cuts breast cancer risk
Comparing 438 Chinese women with breast cancer to 438 without, researchers tied the highest total fibre intake to 69% lower risk. Vegetable fibre corresponded to a 52% reduction, fruit fibre 46% and soy fibre 27%, while cereal fibre showed no association.
Phytochemicals
Dietary fiber cuts premature death risk
Following about 388,000 adults for nine years, National Cancer Institute researchers found the highest fiber intakes came with a 22% lower risk of dying, and 24 to 59% reductions in cardiovascular, infectious and respiratory deaths. The link held for grain fiber, not fruit fiber.
Supplements
Bran Cuts Death Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
CDC researchers project that nearly a third of Americans could have type 2 diabetes by 2050 without action, against 7.8 percent in 2007. A Harvard study in Circulation found women with the disease who ate more bran died less often from all causes and from cardiovascular disease.
Phytochemicals
Psyllium fiber supplements help patients with diabetes mellitus
Bajorek and Morello reviewed seven studies and found psyllium fiber supplements and a low-glycemic-index diet improved glycemic markers, with 10.2 grams of psyllium a day lowering post-meal glucose and A1C. They call it a possible additional option for type 2 diabetes.
Diet
High-Fiber Diets Prevent Polyps
New results from the Polyp Prevention Trial show that the participants who adhered most closely to a low-fat, high-fiber, high-produce diet cut their odds of polyp recurrence by up to 35 percent and of advanced polyp recurrence by nearly 50 percent. The trial enrolled 1,905 people.
Food
Foods high in fiber
Adults should get 30 to 40 grams of fiber a day, but most Americans get about 10. The piece separates insoluble fiber, which bulks stool and speeds waste through the colon, from soluble fiber, which softens stool and carries cholesterol out, and lists foods high in each.
Diet
Dietary fiber cuts breast cancer risk in older women
In an NIH-AARP study of 185,598 postmenopausal women followed for seven years, those with the highest dietary fiber intakes were 13 percent less likely to develop breast cancer. The researchers suggest fiber may act by changing how the body handles estrogen.
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