Among 7,447 Spaniards aged 55 to 80 at high cardiovascular risk, those assigned a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil or with nuts were 30 and 28 percent less likely to suffer a cardiovascular event over 4.8 years than controls told to cut dietary fat. No adverse effects were found.
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Mediterranean Diet
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Diet
Mediterranean diet gives longer life (PR)
Four University of Gothenburg studies report that 70-year-olds in Sweden who ate a Mediterranean diet had a 20% higher chance of living longer, which researcher Gianluca Tognon puts at an estimated two to three extra years. Three of the supporting studies are not yet published.
Diet
Mediterranean diet helps cerebrovascular disease
Among 707 participants, 222 of whom had at least one infarct, moderate adherence to a Mediterranean diet was linked to 22 percent lower odds of an infarct and the closest adherence to 36 percent lower, a protective effect the authors compare in size to hypertension's added risk.
Diet
Mediterranean diet linked to lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Among 340,000 people in the EPIC study, with 11,994 cases of type 2 diabetes, high adherence to a Mediterranean diet came with 12% lower risk and medium adherence with 7%. The association was not significant in participants under 50 or those who were obese.
Lifestyle
Simple lifestyle modifications drastically cut premature death risk - study
Following 120,852 Dutch adults aged 55-69 from 1986 to 1996, P.A. van den Brandt scored Mediterranean diet, not smoking, normal weight and regular activity. The highest-scoring women were four times less likely to die than the lowest and men twice, an estimated 15.1 and 8.4 extra years.
Diet
Eating Mediterranean diet may cut breast cancer risk
Premenopausal women who followed a Mediterranean diet most closely were 35 percent less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer over nine years, in a UK cohort of 33,731 women. No link appeared in postmenopausal women, nor for the WHO healthy diet index.
Diabetes
The fatty Mediterranean diet cuts diabetes risk
In a four-year trial of 418 Spanish adults aged 55 to 80, diabetes developed in 10.1% eating a Mediterranean diet with nuts and 11.0% with virgin olive oil, against 17.9% on a low-fat control diet, with no significant change in weight or physical activity.
Cancer
Mediterranean diet cuts cancer risk - study
Scoring adherence among 142,605 men and 335,873 women in the EPIC cohort, researchers estimated that close adherence to a Mediterranean diet could avoid 4.7% of cancer cases in men and 2.4% in women. Each two-point rise in score corresponded to 4% lower risk.
Diet
Mediterranean diet helps prevent metabolic syndrome
A Greek meta-analysis of 50 studies covering 534,906 people found closer adherence to the Mediterranean diet linked to lower metabolic syndrome risk, along with smaller waists, higher HDL cholesterol, and lower triglycerides, blood pressure and glucose.
Food
Mediterranean diet and physical exercise cut risk of Alzheimer's disease
Following 1,880 dementia-free elderly New Yorkers, researchers recorded 282 Alzheimer's cases over 5.4 years. Those adhering most closely to a Mediterranean diet were 40 percent less likely to be diagnosed, and the most physically active up to 33 percent less likely.
Diet
Mediterranean diet may prevent diabetes, heart disease, depression
A New England Journal of Medicine trial found that patients with depression plus diabetes or heart disease did better under TEAMcare, in which a nurse tracked blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol and mood alongside their doctors. At one year they were less depressed and better controlled.
Diet
Study explains why Mediterranean diet prevents heart disease
A small trial asked 24 people with high cholesterol to eat a diet rich in the monounsaturated fats found in olive oil, and HDL rose within a month. The piece sets this against a trial in which the statin combination Vytorin modestly cut cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients.
Diet
Mediterranean diet cuts risk of diabetes
Among 418 non-diabetic adults at high cardiovascular risk, four years on a Mediterranean diet with olive oil or with nuts brought about half the diabetes risk of a low-fat diet: 10.1% and 11.0% developed diabetes against 17.9% of controls, with no calorie restriction.
Diet
Mediterranean diet linked to lower risk of breast cancer
Among 14,807 Greek women followed nearly nine years, diets scoring 2 points closer to the traditional Mediterranean pattern carried 12 percent lower breast cancer risk overall, which the researchers called not significant, and 22 percent lower risk after menopause. Younger women saw no benefit.
Other Diseases
Mediterranean diet helps costly, deadly Alzheimer's disease
A report by Alzheimer's Disease International puts 2010 dementia care costs at $601 billion, more than 1% of global GDP, for an estimated 35.6 million people worldwide, with cases expected to double by 2030. Wealthy countries hold 46% of cases and 89% of the costs.
Diet
Your Diet Could be More Important Than Your Genes
Researchers gave food frequency questionnaires to 276 middle-aged male twins and linked a Mediterranean-style diet to higher heart rate variability, a measure whose low values signal coronary artery disease risk. Studying twins let them control for genetic and family influences.
Diet
Plant-based diet may help depression, dementia
Cancer
Mediterranean diet cuts prostate cancer risk
Reviewing evidence in Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, Itsiopoulos and University of Melbourne colleagues note that Greek men in Greece and in Australia die of prostate cancer less often than men in many Western countries, and suggest the Mediterranean diet may explain the gap.
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