Following 74,961 Swedish adults for a decade, Larsson's team found those in the top quintile of low-fat dairy intake were 12 percent less likely to have a stroke and 13 percent less likely to suffer a cerebral infarction. Total dairy, full-fat dairy, milk, cheese and cream showed no link.
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Food
Citric fruit lowers risk of ischemic stroke - study
Women eating the most oranges and grapefruit had a 19% lower stroke risk than those eating no citrus regularly, in an analysis of 14 years of data from nearly 70,000 women. Researchers credit a subclass of flavonoids concentrated in citrus fruit.
Vitamins
Taking vitamin D supplements may help prevent stroke
A meta-analysis in Stroke found women with the highest vitamin D levels were 49 to 59 percent less likely to suffer ischemic stroke than those with the lowest. The authors call the association modest and say adequate vitamin D status may lower women's stroke risk.
Food
Eating oranges may lower stroke risk in women
Following about 70,000 women in the Nurses' Health Study for 14 years, researchers linked citrus flavanones such as naringenin and hesperetin to lower risk of ischemic stroke. They advise eating whole fruit rather than juice or supplements; vitamin C itself showed no link to stroke risk.
Chemical
Trans fat boosts stroke risk in women - Study
Women eating the most trans fat had a 39% higher risk of ischemic stroke in an analysis of more than 87,000 Women's Health Initiative participants. Total fat and other fat types showed no such link, the Annals of Neurology study found.
Phytochemicals
Flavonoid-rich fruit, vegetables linked to low cardiovascular death risk
Among 38,180 men and 60,289 women followed for 7 years, those with the highest total flavonoid intake were 18% less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. Men in the top intake group were 37% less likely to die of stroke than those in the lowest.
Food
Red meat linked to high stroke risk - study
Following 84,010 women and 43,150 men for more than two decades, researchers reporting in Stroke found that swapping a daily serving of red meat for poultry, nuts, fish or dairy was linked to 10 to 27 percent lower stroke risk. Legumes and eggs made no difference.
Disease
Silent strokes linked to memory loss
A Neurology study of 658 dementia-free people aged 65 and over found the 174 with silent strokes had smaller hippocampi and scored worse on memory tests. The authors say the strokes and hippocampal volume were linked to memory loss separately, supporting stroke prevention.
Phytochemicals
Diet full of antioxidants helps cut stroke risk
Following about 36,700 Swedish women, researchers found those whose diets had the highest total antioxidant capacity were 17 percent less likely to have a stroke. Among women with prior cardiovascular disease, the top quartile had 45 percent lower hemorrhagic stroke risk.
Diet
Mediterranean diet helps cerebrovascular disease
Among 707 participants, 222 of whom had at least one infarct, moderate adherence to a Mediterranean diet was linked to 22 percent lower odds of an infarct and the closest adherence to 36 percent lower, a protective effect the authors compare in size to hypertension's added risk.
Food
White fruits, vegetables lined to lower stroke risk
Dutch researchers followed 20,069 adults for 10 years and found those eating more than 171 grams a day of white fruit and vegetables, mostly apples and pears, were 52% less likely to have a stroke. Other color groups showed no link, and the study was not a trial.
Food
Drinking coffee may cut stroke risk slightly
Susanna Larsson pooled 11 studies covering 478,700 people and about 10,000 strokes, finding those drinking two to six cups of coffee a day were roughly 13% less likely to have a stroke. At eight cups the reduction fell to 7%, and no trial shows cause.
Lifestyle
Healthy lifestyle helps prevent stroke
Finnish data on 36,686 adults followed about 13.7 years showed those adhering best to healthy habits had a 67% lower risk of stroke, in both men and women, after adjusting for age, blood pressure, cholesterol and other factors. The habits covered smoking, weight, activity, vegetables and alcohol.
Food
Chocolate consumption linked to lower heart risk
Pooling seven studies of more than 100,000 people, Oscar Franco's team found the highest chocolate consumers had 37% less cardiovascular disease and 29% less stroke, but no less heart failure. The authors stress no study shows chocolate causes the reduction.
Supplements
Suffer a stroke? Use omega-3 to reduce the stroke-induced damage
Mice given DHA supplements for three months after a stroke had 25 percent less stroke-induced brain damage, according to a study in Stroke. The Universite Laval authors point to the omega-3 fatty acid's anti-inflammatory effect as the likely explanation.
Heart & Blood
Processed meat, red meat linked to higher stroke risk
Among 40,291 Swedish men followed 10 years, those eating the most processed meat had 23 percent more strokes overall and 18 percent more cerebral infarctions than those eating the least. Fresh red meat showed no significant link to stroke risk.
Vitamins
Depression linked to stroke, vitamin D may help both
Among 80,574 women in the Nurses' Health Study, those with a history of depression had 29% higher stroke risk over six years, and antidepressant users 39% higher; researchers suspect the drugs mark severity rather than cause strokes. The piece then floats vitamin D as a shared factor.
Minerals
High potasium intake linked with lower risk of stroke
A meta-analysis covering 268,276 people and 8,695 strokes found each extra 1,000 mg of potassium a day tracked with 11 percent lower stroke risk, driven by ischemic stroke. Intracerebral hemorrhage risk fell 5 percent, while subarachnoid hemorrhage risk rose 8 percent.
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