Two studies at an Alzheimer's Association conference pulled in opposite directions: DHA did not help 402 people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's, while another found the omega-3 improved memory in healthy older people over six months. Treatment may need to start earlier, the association says.
Section archive
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Supplements
Dietary supplements: evidence, safety and new products.
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Minerals
Is calcium supplementation effective?
Dr. Robert Thompson argues calcium supplements create a mineral imbalance that can lower bone density. A Women's Health Initiative study of 36,282 women found only a 1 percent hip gain; lead author Elizabeth Nabel still recommends continuing, while others cite kidney stone risk.
Supplements
Glutamine may help prevent damage by H. pylori
Beth Israel Deaconess and MIT researchers found that mice infected with H. pylori and treated with L-glutamine showed significantly less inflammation, the damage that can lead to chronic gastritis and stomach cancer. Earlier work showed glutamine cuts the bacteria's ammonia.
Supplements
Omega-3s strike blow to heart failure
Researchers followed about 40,000 Swedish men aged 45 to 79 between 1998 and 2004 and found those eating the most omega-3s were up to 33 percent less likely to develop heart failure; one serving of fatty fish a week was linked to a 12 percent lower likelihood.
Supplements
Caffeine-containing botanicals in dietary supplements
USDA's Nutrient Data Laboratory analyzed caffeine levels in sports-nutrition, weight-loss, vitamin and mineral supplements bought the same way consumers buy them. U.S. labels need not state caffeine amounts, and botanicals such as guarana, yerba mate, kola nut and green tea extract supply it.
Supplements
Obesity’s newest enemy: Curcumin
In a Journal of Nutrition study, mice put on a high-fat diet and then given large doses of turmeric for 12 weeks lost body weight, fat mass and cholesterol without eating any less. Lead author Asma Ejaz says curcumin may have potential in preventing obesity.
Supplements
Oat leaf extract: New hope for cigarette smokers?
A small Japanese study gave eight smokers, median age 32.5, an oat leaf extract sold as Neuravena; their average daily cigarettes fell from 19.5 to 8.9. The extract contains no nicotine and acts on brain enzymes. The writer says follow-up studies are needed.
Supplements
ARS dietary supplement data supports nutrient intake assessments
ARS and the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements launched the Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database, which uses chemical analysis to estimate levels of 18 vitamin and mineral ingredients in 115 representative adult multivitamins against what their labels report.
Supplements
Omega-3 fatty acids help cancer patients
In a double-blind randomized trial at Trinity College Dublin, esophageal cancer patients given an omega-3-enriched supplement after surgery kept their muscle mass, while those on a supplement without omega-3 lost about 4 pounds of muscle. The doses far exceeded what food provides.
Supplements
Seaweed extract may reduce the need for NSAIDs
In a study of 14 adults with knee osteoarthritis, Aquamin, a seaweed, calcium, magnesium and selenium supplement, was tied to half the NSAID use after two weeks and greater range of motion than placebo after 30 days. Further study is coming, and it also supplies calcium.
Supplements
Grape seed extract the new cure for leukemia?
Researchers at the University of Kentucky and China's Third Military Medical University report that 76 percent of leukemia cells died within 24 hours of exposure to grape seed extract, with higher doses having greater effect. Lead author Xianglin Shi says it is too early to claim prevention.
Supplements
Pea protein helps kidney health, lowers blood pressure
Rats with polycystic kidney disease given a small daily dose of yellow pea protein hydrolysate had blood pressure 20 percent lower after eight weeks and urinated up to 30 percent more, back to normal levels. A trial in mildly hypertensive people is under way.
Supplements
Fish oils offer no heart benefit
At the American College of Cardiology meeting, the OMEGA trial reported no difference between nearly 4,000 heart attack patients given omega-3 supplements and those given placebo, echoing a 2006 review of 89 trials and cohort studies that found no mortality or cardiovascular benefit.
Supplements
Sesame seed extract and konjac gum may help ward off Salmonella and E. coli
Petra Becker and colleagues at Wageningen exposed 18 food products to bacteria in the lab and found sesame seed extract and konjac gum bound the most E. coli and Salmonella, which may keep the bacteria from latching onto gut cells. Yeast, tomato and pumpkin also helped.
Supplements
Omega-3 fatty acids could slow acute wound healing
Blister wounds on people taking fish oil healed in about the same time as those on placebo, but their blister fluid held higher levels of inflammation-related proteins than researchers expected. Lead author Jodi McDaniel says if the fatty acids do delay healing, surgical patients might pause them.
Supplements
Fish oil, red yeast rice better than statins
A small trial assigned 74 people with high cholesterol who met statin criteria either to fish oil and red yeast rice plus a 12-week lifestyle program, or to 40 mg of simvastatin daily for three months. The authors report the supplement combination lowered LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.
Supplements
Oral xylitol syrup helps prevent early childhood caries
In a Marshall Islands trial, children aged 6 to 15 months took daily xylitol syrup and 76 percent finished free of tooth decay, against 48 percent of controls. The report notes side effects went unreported and that xylitol, like most sugar alcohols, can act as a laxative.
Supplements
Nutrients that boost your intelligence
MIT researchers fed gerbils combinations of choline, uridine monophosphate and DHA. Those given choline with UMP and/or DHA did better at tasks such as navigating mazes, and their brains showed biochemical signs of extra synapse activity. The authors hope people respond similarly.
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