In a Chinese case-control study of 1,424 lung cancer cases and 4,543 controls, doubling raw garlic intake tracked with 44 percent lower risk in a dose-dependent pattern. A second study found a smaller 21 percent reduction and tied green tea to 22 percent lower risk.
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Cancer
Diet, lifestyle and cancer risk, prevention and treatment.
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Cancer
Height Associated With Cancer Risk
An analysis of 144,701 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative found risk of thyroid, kidney, colon, ovarian and breast cancer rose with height. The authors caution height is not a risk factor itself but a marker for childhood diet and IGF-1 levels.
Cancer
Compared with poultry, red meat can pose a higher risk for colorectal cancer
Among 19,771 women in the Nurses' Health Study II, higher poultry intake as adolescents corresponded to 20% lower colorectal cancer or adenoma risk later. Swapping one daily serving of red meat for poultry or fish was tied to 41% and 35% lower adenoma risk.
Cancer
Salted, smoked fish linked to advanced prostate cancer
Men in an Icelandic cohort of 2,268 who ate the most salted and smoked fish were twice as likely to develop advanced prostate cancer as those eating the least. Overall fish intake carried no such risk, and fish oil in later life was tied to 57% lower odds.
Cancer
Cholesterol promotes breast cancer development?
A Current Opinion in Pharmacology report gathers epidemiological, laboratory and animal evidence that abnormal plasma cholesterol may contribute to breast cancer. It suggests women eat fewer cholesterol-raising foods and more of those that lower it; statins work but carry side effects.
Cancer
Veggies high in carotenoids may prevent breast cancer
Pooling eight cohort studies, Harvard and Brigham researchers reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute that women in the highest quintile for alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein plus zeaxanthin, lycopene and total carotenoids had 13% to 22% lower breast cancer risk.
Cancer
So what to eat to reduce cervical cancer risk?
Comparing 104 women with cervical cancer or neoplasia against 936 controls in Wuhan, researchers linked green tea drinking to a 45 percent lower risk and vegetable intake to a 10 percent lower risk. Smoking, alcohol, fruit, meat and other dietary factors showed no association.
Cancer
Trans fat boosts cancer risk
Drawing on a 1994-97 survey across eight Canadian provinces, researchers found people in the highest quartile of trans fat intake faced 38 to 60 percent higher risk of colon, premenopausal breast, prostate and pancreatic cancers than those in the lowest quartile.
Cancer
Drinking alcohol boosts cancer risk
In a Lithuanian cohort of men, drinking 140 grams or more of alcohol a week corresponded to 36% higher total cancer risk, 179% higher upper aerodigestive tract cancer risk and 88% higher alcohol-related cancer risk. The authors attribute about 13% of cancers to alcohol.
Cancer
Here is why calorie restriction, physical exercise prevent cancer
A review in Experimental Biology and Medicine argues calorie restriction and exercise protect against cancer by lowering IGF-1, insulin and leptin, partly blocking the IGF-1 signalling that drives cell proliferation. Much of the supporting work cited comes from animal models.
Cancer
Eating flaxseed may reduce breast cancer risk
Comparing 2,999 Ontario women with breast cancer to 3,370 controls, researchers found those eating flaxseed at least once a week were 18 percent less likely to be diagnosed, and weekly flax bread eaters 23 percent less likely.
Cancer
Saturated fat boosts death risk among breast cancer patients
A review of 18 studies in Nutrition found higher saturated fat intake before diagnosis linked to greater breast cancer and all-cause mortality, while trans fat intake after diagnosis was tied to 45 and 78 percent higher risks. Two studies suggested omega-3 fat may aid survival.
Cancer
Bitter melon fights breast cancer
Bitter melon extract cut proliferation and triggered apoptosis in two human breast cancer cell lines, Saint Louis University researchers report in Cancer Research. They suggest it could serve as a dietary supplement for prevention; the work was done in cells, not in people.
Cancer
High salt diet/Helicobacter pylori linked to gastric cancer
Vanderbilt researchers report that Mongolian gerbils infected with H. pylori and fed a high-salt diet all developed stomach cancer and showed more inflammation than infected gerbils on a regular diet. The authors suggest cutting dietary salt to help prevent gastric cancer.
Cancer
New evidence: Omega-3 fatty acids fight cancer
UC Davis researchers report in PNAS that EDP, a metabolite of the omega-3 fat DHA, blocked the formation of new blood vessels and reduced tumour growth and spread in mice, while a metabolite of omega-6 arachidonic acid slightly increased angiogenesis and tumour progression.
Cancer
Calorie restriction lowers breast cancer risk
Comparing 1,775 women with breast cancer to 2,529 of their unaffected sisters, Tufts researchers found those eating the fewest calories were 60 percent less likely to develop the disease, an association seen only in premenopausal women and hormone-receptor-positive cancers.
Cancer
Vitamin D cuts cancer death risk
A review reports that cancer patients with higher serum vitamin D died less often from several cancers: breast and colorectal patients above 81 nM were about 63 and 60 percent less likely to die than those at 46 nM or below. The cited safe upper intake is 2000 IU a day.
Cancer
Western diet linked to pancreatic cancer
An Annals of Epidemiology study found people eating the most meat were twice as likely to develop pancreatic cancer as those eating the least, and those eating the most starchy food had 69 percent higher risk. The highest fruit and vegetable intakes came with 45 percent lower risk.
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