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Diet
Eating patterns and diets, from Mediterranean to low-carb and vegan.
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Diet
Binge drinking in college causes heart disease later in life
In a study of healthy nonsmoking college students, binge drinkers showed impaired function in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells that control blood flow, resembling lifelong heavy drinkers. The authors say such changes can precede atherosclerosis, heart attack and stroke.
Diet
High fat diet linked to obesity mediated insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction
A Journal of Nutrition study of 1,150 Mexican Americans found that those on a 35-percent-fat diet had higher body mass index, body fat and trunk fat, and lower insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function, than those eating 20 percent fat, after adjustment for age, sex and energy intake.
Diet
High fat diet linked to obesity
Chinese researchers fed 40 young male rats a common or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. All three high-fat diets raised body weight significantly, but rats given equal amounts of omega-3 and omega-6 fats kept insulin sensitivity close to controls and had lower pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Diet
Mediterranean diet reduces cardiovascular disease risk
Among 7,447 Spaniards aged 55 to 80 at high cardiovascular risk, those assigned a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil or with nuts were 30 and 28 percent less likely to suffer a cardiovascular event over 4.8 years than controls told to cut dietary fat. No adverse effects were found.
Diet
High saturated fat, low starch intake linked to hyperinsulinaemia
Among 1,069 Colorado adults without type 2 diabetes, higher total and saturated fat intake tracked with higher fasting insulin, while fiber and starch tracked inversely. Mono- and polyunsaturated fats showed no link, and neither did sucrose, glucose or fructose.
Diet
Fat Matters for Type 1 Diabetes
At the Joslin Diabetes Center, meals matched for carbohydrate and protein but carrying 60 grams of fat instead of 10 required on average 42 percent more insulin to control blood sugar, which the authors say argues for looking past carbohydrate counting in type 1 diabetes.
Diet
Vegetarian diet users should take vitamin b12 supplements
A Nutrition Reviews review reports vitamin B12 deficiency in 62 percent of pregnant vegetarians, 25 to 86 percent of children and 11 to 90 percent of the elderly on such diets, with higher rates among vegans, and concludes that strict plant-only eaters should supplement.
Diet
Ketogenic diet may help Alzheimer's disease
In mice bred to develop Alzheimer's, more than a month on a ketogenic diet left beta-amyloid levels and oxidative stress unchanged but improved Rota-rod motor performance. The authors suggest the diet may help neurologic disease by some route other than amyloid. This was an animal study.
Diet
Healthier lifestyle helps prevent diabetes mellitus
Analyzing 16 years of follow-up on 85,000 women, Frank Hu's team found the 3.4% who met every low-risk criterion, healthy weight, good diet, no smoking, moderate drinking and regular exercise, were 91% less likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Weight mattered most.
Diet
Vegetarian and Vegan Diets Protect Against Cancers
Analyzing 69,120 Adventist Health Study-2 participants, researchers found vegetarian and vegan diets were associated with lower overall cancer risk, vegetarian diets with fewer gastrointestinal cancers and vegan diets with fewer female-specific cancers.
Diet
Ketogenic Diet May Be Key to Cancer Recovery
Mercola argues that cutting carbohydrates starves cancer cells of glucose and that low protein intake damps the mTOR pathway. He features Thomas Seyfried, who describes malignant brain tumors as dependent on non-oxidative metabolism because of faulty mitochondria.
Diet
Plant-based diet prevents colorectal cancer
A Current Nutrition Reports review of studies published from September 2011 to August 2012 found strong evidence that a plant-based diet lowers colorectal cancer risk, and evidence suggesting diets high in meat, refined grains and added sugar may raise it. The alcohol link stays unclear.
Diet
High protein diet or high carbohydrate diet, which is better for weight loss?
In 88 obese adults on calorie-restricted diets with cognitive behavior therapy for a year, a high-carbohydrate diet produced the same weight loss as a high-protein one, pointing to calorie restriction rather than the protein-to-carbohydrate ratio as what matters.
Diet
Vegetarian diet cuts cancer risk - study
A Loma Linda University study found vegetarians were 9 percent less likely than non-vegetarians to develop cancer, with gastrointestinal cancers 24 percent lower. Vegans were 16 percent less likely to develop any cancer, and vegan women 34 percent less likely to develop female-specific cancers.
Diet
Southern diet linked to higher stroke risk
Analyzing data from more than 20,000 black and white adults, Suzanne Judd's team reported at the American Stroke Association's 2013 conference that people eating Southern fried foods and sugary drinks six times a week had 41 percent higher stroke rates than those eating them monthly.
Diet
Vegetarian diet cuts risk of ischemic heart disease
Among 44,561 EPIC-Oxford participants followed 11.6 years, vegetarians were 32 percent less likely to develop ischemic heart disease and had lower BMI, non-HDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. Published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Diet
Vegetarian Diet Reduces Risk of Heart Disease
Following 44,561 men and women in England and Scotland, an EPIC-Oxford study found vegetarians 32 percent less likely than meat eaters to be hospitalized or die from heart disease. They were also slimmer, with lower total cholesterol and blood pressure.
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