A study of type 2 diabetes patients in Africa links regular intake of a Mediterranean diet, Brassica rapa, beans, Abelmoschus and Musa acuminata to significantly lower risk of blindness, cataract and glaucoma. Physical inactivity, sun exposure and high social status tracked with higher risk.
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Diet
Eating patterns and diets, from Mediterranean to low-carb and vegan.
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Diet
Mediterranean diet linked to Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment
In an Australian ageing cohort, people with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment followed a Mediterranean diet less closely than healthy controls, and adherence was the main predictor of both conditions after adjusting for age, genotype, smoking and other factors.
Diet
High glycemic load diet linked to higher breast cancer risk
Among Italian women in the EPIC cohort followed 11 years, those in the highest quintile of dietary glycemic load were 45 percent more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer than those in the lowest. Glycemic index and total carbohydrate showed no such association.
Diet
More evidence suggests diet affects breast cancer risk
In mice with estrogen activity knocked out, a diet containing 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid still drove mammary duct growth and raised tumor formation in some strains. Russ Hovey's team says diet and the metabolic shifts seen in obesity and diabetes may influence breast cancer risk.
Diet
Alzheimer's May be Caused by Poor Diet
Mercola points to Brown University research that produced Alzheimer's-like changes in animals by interfering with insulin signalling in the brain, part of a growing body of work linking diet to dementia that has led some to call Alzheimer's type 3 diabetes.
Diet
Dietary intervention helps children with ADHD
A Polish review says shortfalls of zinc, iron, magnesium, iodine and long-chain omega-3s such as DHA may worsen ADHD symptoms, while cutting artificial dyes, preservatives and salicylates, or choosing low-glycemic foods, may help some children. ADHD drugs work but can be highly toxic.
Diet
High fat diet causes obesity
A review notes that laboratories routinely use high-fat diets to make rodents obese and induce disorders resembling human metabolic syndrome. Animal fats and omega-6 and omega-9 plant oils produced obesity and insulin resistance in rodents, while fish oil did not.
Diet
Vegetarian diet lowers blood pressure
In the Adventist Health Study-2, Pettersen and colleagues found vegans had the lowest systolic and diastolic blood pressure, followed by lacto-ovo and partial vegetarians, then omnivores. The difference shrank after adjusting for body mass index.
Diet
Vegetarian diet cuts risk for diabetes mellitus type 2
A Diabetes Management report by Kate Marsh cites the Adventist Health Study II, in which vegans were 49 percent and lacto-ovo vegetarians 46 percent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than meat eaters.
Diet
Low methionine diet fights cancer
A review in Cancer Treatment Reviews argues cancer cells with defects in methionine or folate metabolism must rely on dietary methionine. Methionine-restricted diets curbed tumour growth and extended healthy lifespan in animals, and the authors float vegan diets as a possible strategy.
Diet
High fat diet worse than high carb diet for prostate cancer patients
In mice implanted with prostate cancer cells, tumors grew significantly faster on a high-fat diet than on a high-carbohydrate or control diet, and markers including MCP-1 and CCR2 ran higher. The authors suggest MCP-1/CCR2 signaling may be involved in the effect.
Diet
Cholesterol linked to high prostate cancer risk
Following 12,926 men for up to 37 years, researchers found those with serum cholesterol of 6.1 to 6.69 mmol/L were more than twice as likely as men below 5.05 to develop prostate cancer. The link held for high-grade tumours, not for overall prostate cancer risk.
Diet
Got metabolic syndrome? Eat lots of pulses!
Overweight and obese adults who ate five cups of pulses a week for eight weeks cut waist circumference, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, energy intake and insulin resistance about as much as a comparison group counselled to eat 500 fewer calories a day.
Diet
Calorie restriction helps prevent breast cancer
A review of calorie restriction and cancer reports anticancer effects in multiple animal studies and notes that Swedish women hospitalized for anorexia nervosa before age 40 had lower rates of invasive breast cancer. Cancer cells rely more on glycolysis for energy than normal cells.
Diet
Calorie restriction, plant polyphenols extend lifespan
Mice on alternate-day feeding outlived controls, and those also given blueberry, pomegranate and green tea extracts outlived the calorie-restricted group. In the brain, the plant polyphenols lowered inflammatory gene expression and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
Diet
Dietary fat and coronary heart disease
Reviewing 95 studies for the Journal of Internal Medicine, Harvard's W.C. Willett argues trans fat should be eliminated from the diet, and that replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats may moderately cut coronary risk. Swapping it for added sugar may not.
Diet
The Bitter Sweet Trust
Food writer Cara Heaton sifts the sugar advice she has been reading, from cutting it out entirely to Daniela Jakubowicz's chocolate-at-breakfast trial for curbing cravings and Robert Lustig's call for tighter rules on sugary foods, then turns to alternatives and starts with molasses.
Diet
Eating less calories, salt helps fight diabetic retinopathy
Among 469 African American patients with type 1 diabetes followed six years, higher baseline calorie intake went with more vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy and severe hard exudates, and higher sodium intake with macular edema. The authors urge lower calorie and salt intake.
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