A PNAS study comparing genomic responses in patients with severe trauma, burns and sepsis concluded that human inflammatory responses are not reproduced in current mouse models, which the authors say may explain why over 150 drugs that worked in mice failed in sepsis patients.
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Drug
Prescription drugs, vaccines and their risks and benefits.
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Drug
Vaccine Propaganda Heats Up—The Latest Scandals You Need to Be Aware of
Mercola argues recent vaccine coverage exists to promote the 2013 schedules and flu shots, points to three Eurosurveillance studies finding 2011-12 flu vaccine protection dropped sharply after three or four months, and recommends diet, vitamin D, sleep and handwashing.
Drug
Lumpectomy better than mastectomy for early breast cancer (PR)
An analysis of 112,154 California women diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer found lumpectomy plus radiation may offer better survival than mastectomy, supporting breast-conserving treatment even as more women choose mastectomy for very small cancers.
Drug
Intensive blood pressure control reduces stroke risk in type 2 diabetes
An Annals of Internal Medicine review led by L. Moist found intensive blood pressure control lowered stroke risk in people with type 2 diabetes, but did not reduce deaths or heart attacks.
Drug
Insulin therapy may boost death risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Among 8,774 patients in the Shanghai Diabetes Registry, those with type 2 diabetes who used insulin were 89 percent more likely to die of any cause and 116 percent more likely to die of cancer than non-users. Overall cancer risk was not raised, but liver cancer risk was 184 percent higher.
Drug
Tamiflu helps influenza in children moderately
A Cochrane review by K. Wang's team found oseltamivir shortened illness in children with confirmed influenza by about 36 hours, or 26 percent, but cut incidence by only 8 percent. In children with asthma the 10.4-hour reduction was not statistically significant.
Drug
The Imperative to Share Clinical Study Reports: Recommendations from the Tamiflu Experience
Doshi, Jefferson and Del Mar argue that systematic reviews of published trials can be distorted when sponsors have interests in the data, and that clinical study reports filed with regulators hold the fuller record. They ask industry to open those reports or defend the secrecy.
Drug
Why do statins cause muscle pain?
Up to 75 percent of statin users may get muscle pain, and University of Copenhagen researchers found statins lower levels of Q10, reducing muscle energy output, which they believe could be responsible. The piece points to red yeast rice as an alternative.
Drug
Hypertension means better survival when colorectal cancer treated with Bevacizumab
Among 181 metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab, the 44.75 percent who developed grade 2 or 3 hypertension lived longer overall and went 29.9 months before progression, against 17.2 months for those who did not develop it.
Drug
For Athletes, Risks from Ibuprofen Use
Athletes who took ibuprofen before exercise showed higher blood levels of a protein signalling intestinal leakage than those who did not, and the leakage carried on for hours after the workout stopped. The researchers say the health implications are not yet clear.
Drug
Newest Blockbuster Diabetes Drug Can Increase Your Risk of Cancer
GlaxoSmithKline agreed to a record $3 billion settlement over the marketing of several drugs, including the diabetes drug Avandia. A 2007 New England Journal of Medicine study tied Avandia to 43 percent higher heart attack risk and 64 percent higher cardiovascular death risk.
Drug
Some hypertension medications linked to breast cancer
A Cancer Causes and Control study of 3,201 women aged 65 and older found those who had used calcium channel blockers within the past two years faced a 1.6-fold higher risk of breast cancer, and users of immediate-release versions 2.4-fold. Researchers urge caution given the small sample.
Drug
Non-biologic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis boosts cancer risk
Among 3,771 UK rheumatoid arthritis patients on non-biologic therapy, overall cancer incidence ran 28 percent above the general population, with standardized ratios of 2.39 for lung cancer, 12.82 for Hodgkin lymphoma and 3.12 for non-Hodgkin. Smokers' risk more than doubled.
Drug
Screening mammography + clinical breast exam more effective at detecting breast cancer
Among 126,537 Japanese women aged 40 to 59, five-year survival reached 96.8 percent when breast cancer was found by mammography plus clinical breast examination, 92.7 percent by clinical exam alone and 86.6 percent by self-detection. The piece cautions this may reflect earlier detection.
Drug
Prenatal estrogen exposure linked to homosexuality, bisexuality
A study in Archives of Sexual Behavior compared 30 women exposed in the womb to DES with unexposed sisters and clinic controls and reported more bisexuality and homosexuality among the exposed, though 75 percent of them were exclusively or nearly exclusively heterosexual.
Drug
Tamoxifen can cause cancer in breast cancer patients
Wozniak and colleagues in Lodz found tamoxifen caused DNA double-strand breaks in healthy lymphocytes at both low and high doses but damaged MCF-7 breast cancer cells only at the high dose, and the healthy cells repaired that damage less completely.
Drug
Breast cancer treatment can cause esophageal cancer
A nested case-control study in Annals of Oncology, drawn from 289,748 breast cancer survivors, ties radiotherapy to esophageal cancer. Risk rose with dose, and above 35 Gy patients were eight times as likely as controls to develop it, largely from supraclavicular and internal mammary treatment.
Drug
Exhaled breath maybe used to diagnose colorectal cancer, lung cancer
Italian researchers analysed breath from 37 colorectal cancer patients and 41 healthy people and built a 15-compound pattern that flagged the disease with 85% sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, dropping to 76% on validation. A Chinese study reported higher figures for lung cancer.
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