Ninety Australian children with ADHD symptoms took EPA, DHA or safflower oil for four months, and a study in Nutrition found no significant difference in the primary outcomes. Higher DHA in red blood cells did track with better word reading and lower parent-rated oppositional behaviour.
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Supplements
Dietary supplements: evidence, safety and new products.
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Supplements
Soy isoflavones may cur breast cancer risk
A Revista Medica de Chile review reports epidemiological studies linking soy isoflavone intake to lower breast cancer incidence, but notes human trials show both promoting and inhibiting effects, so a woman's estrogen level at the time of intake may decide which.
Supplements
Rice hull fiber as dietary fiber lowers cholesterol, fasting blood glucose
In a 90-day rat trial testing rice hull fiber's safety, males on 3.75 and 5 percent diets showed 17.6 percent lower fasting blood glucose and 22 percent lower cholesterol. No deaths or organ abnormalities appeared, and the researchers say the fiber can serve as a dietary fiber.
Supplements
Heart disease News: Red Yeast Rice Extract Prevents Deaths from Heart Disease
A review of 22 randomized trials in Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine found Xuezhikang, a red yeast rice extract, lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, raised HDL, and was linked to fewer deaths among coronary heart disease patients with dyslipidemia.
Supplements
Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol help prevent breast cancer
In rats with chemically induced breast tumors, delta- and gamma-tocopherol supplements cut total tumor mass to about 7 grams versus 10.6 grams and reduced tumor multiplicity by 42% and 32%, while alpha-tocopherol did neither, Cancer Prevention Research reports.
Supplements
Fish oil, omega 3 fatty acids may help rheumatoid arthritis
A British Journal of Nutrition review concludes that marine omega-3 fatty acids offer a fairly consistent but modest benefit in active rheumatoid arthritis - less joint swelling and pain, shorter morning stiffness - by displacing arachidonic acid and its inflammatory products.
Supplements
Dietary antioxidants cut pancreatic cancer risk
Among 23,658 adults in the EPIC-Norfolk study followed 10 years, 49 developed pancreatic cancer, and those with the highest intakes of vitamin C, vitamin E and selenium were 67% less likely to be diagnosed. The vitamin C association alone was not statistically significant.
Supplements
Breast cancer metastasis may be prevented using alkaloids
In lab work reported in the Journal of Natural Products, alkaloids isolated from Pachysandra terminalis blocked the migration of breast cancer cells prompted by epithelial growth factor. The authors suggest the compounds may help prevent breast cancer metastasis.
Supplements
Curcumin, vitamin C fight fluoride-induced renal injury
Rats drinking water with 600 ppm sodium fluoride for one week developed kidney injury. Curcumin at 10 or 20 mg/kg, or vitamin C at 10 mg/kg, given beforehand normalized creatinine, serum urea and blood urea nitrogen and kept oxidative stress in check.
Supplements
Cholesterol lowering supplement helps breast cancer patients on hormone therapy
Twenty-one breast cancer patients on hormone therapy followed three months of diet, then three months of a berberine and red yeast rice supplement. Diet alone cut total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides by 1.8, 3.1 and 2.3 percent; adding the supplement, by 15.3, 18.9 and 36.5 percent.
Supplements
Tolerable upper intake level for leucine supplement, an important muscle-building amino acid
Rajavel Elango and colleagues tested several leucine doses in five healthy adults, tracking plasma and urinary measures. They propose a tolerable upper intake level of 500 mg/kg per day, about 35 g daily, for healthy adult men as a cautious estimate under acute dietary conditions.
Supplements
North American ginseng helps diabetic kidney disease
Mice with antibiotic-induced type 1 or type 2 diabetes given North American ginseng root extract showed less kidney oxidative stress and no albuminuria or mesangial expansion. The authors stress this is an animal study, only a suggestion for people with diabetic kidney disease.
Supplements
Ferulic acid helps prevent gamma-radiation induced DNA damage
Researchers at India's Bhabha Atomic Research Centre gave mice ferulic acid before or right after gamma irradiation and saw fewer micronuclei, fewer DNA strand breaks and less gamma-H2AX foci formation, plus 2.5-fold better survival at doses up to 6 Gy.
Supplements
Melatonin helps prevent breast cancer
In cell studies, melatonin suppressed transcription of CYP19A1, the gene encoding aromatase, the enzyme that synthesises estrogen, in breast fibroblasts from healthy women and from women with ER-positive breast cancer. The effect held at physiological and sub-physiological doses.
Supplements
Retinol supplements may cut melanoma risk
Maryam Asgari of Kaiser Permanente and colleagues followed 69,635 people in the VITAL cohort for about six years and counted 566 melanomas. Retinol supplement users had a 40 percent lower risk, while dietary or total vitamin A and carotenoid intake showed no association.
Supplements
L-cysteine supplement could be an adjuvant therapy for type-2 diabetes mellitus
A review argues cheap L-cysteine supplements could serve as add-on therapy for type 2 diabetes, citing evidence that cysteine-rich whey protein improves glucose metabolism in animals and people. The author says clinical trials are still needed to show it actually controls blood sugar.
Supplements
Xylitol - an antidiabetic sweetener
In rats with induced diabetes, five weeks of xylitol improved food and fluid intake, body weight, blood sugar, serum fructosamine, lipid profile, insulin and glucose tolerance, though liver weight, liver glycogen and serum triglycerides did not change.
Supplements
Whey protein isolates or concentrates may help fight obesity, type 2 diabetes
A report in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry says digesting whey protein releases peptides and amino acids that trigger gut hormones and boost insulin secretion, and that whey hydrolysates contain DPP-4 inhibitors. The authors suggest uses against type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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