The National Toxicology Program's 12th Report on Carcinogens lists tamoxifen as known to be a human carcinogen, citing a causal link to endometrial cancer in humans. The same entry notes conclusive evidence that tamoxifen reduces the risk of cancer in the opposite breast.
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Breast Cancer
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Food
Alcoholic beverages linked to higher risk of breast cancer
News reports saying red wine lowers breast cancer risk overstate the study. Thirty-six premenopausal women drank red wine one month and white the next, and researchers measured only hormones: red wine raised free testosterone and LH and lowered SHBG compared with white.
Food
News alert: study does not say red wine cuts breast cancer risk
The site cautions that the study compared red wine with white wine for their effect on estrogen, not with drinking nothing. A better hormone profile on red wine does not show it lowers breast cancer risk, and alcoholic beverages are recognized carcinogens.
Food
Dairy products may raise cancer risk
Oxford's Timothy Key reports that blood IGF-1 tracks with breast and prostate cancer risk and that high dairy protein intake raises IGF-1. He cites work linking five or more daily servings of dairy to a 65% higher prostate cancer risk.
Food
Starch intake may affect risk of breast cancer recurrence
Among 2,651 breast cancer survivors followed seven years, 14.2 percent of women who raised their starch intake over the first year had another breast cancer event, against 9.7 percent of those who cut it. The findings were presented at a symposium.
Food
Drinking alcohol raises breast cancer risk
Women drinking up to six glasses of wine a week were 15 percent more likely to develop breast cancer than non-drinkers, possibly through alcohol's effect on estrogen. Fewer than three drinks a week showed no increase, and researcher Wendy Chen calls the added risk small.
Drug
Does mammography screening really save lives?
Suzie Otto's Rotterdam study found 5.3 percent of screened women were diagnosed at stage IV against 29.5 percent of unscreened women, and screened women were 39 to 84 percent less likely to die of breast cancer. A health observer counters that such figures ignore lead time.
Drug
Second Biopsy of Breast Cancer Helps Doctors Better Treat Disease
Princess Margaret Hospital researchers compared 121 biopsies of progressive or recurring breast cancer with the original tumours and found hormone and HER2 receptor status can change. Dr. Amir says matching treatment to the new biopsy gave survival similar to unchanged disease.
Food
Effective fruits for breast cancer prevention
The piece names mango, citrus, hawthorn and jujube as fruits that may help lower breast cancer risk, crediting mango's tannins and other polyphenols with disrupting cell division and citrus vitamin C with blocking nitrosamine formation.
Food
Even moderate drinking may boost breast cancer risk
Among 105,986 nurses followed from 1980 to 2008, with 7,690 invasive breast cancers recorded, 5 to 10 grams of alcohol a day was tied to 15% higher risk and at least 30 grams a day to 51%. The authors stress the study is observational and cannot prove cause.
Vitamins
Vitamin C, E cut breast cancer recurrence and death risk
Among 2,264 breast cancer patients in the Life After Cancer Epidemiology cohort, frequent vitamin C and E use was linked to roughly 30% lower odds of recurrence and of death from any cause, while frequent use of combination carotenoids was tied to higher mortality.
Supplements
Intravenous vitamin C helps breast cancer patients
A study of 53 breast cancer patients found those given intravenous vitamin C alongside standard therapy reported side effects such as nausea, fatigue and depression at half the intensity recorded in 72 patients who received conventional treatment only.
Food
Red meat, dairy products may affect breast cancer risk
Among 766 postmenopausal women, the highest red meat eaters had 10 percent less sex hormone-binding globulin, and the highest dairy eaters about 15 percent more total and free estradiol, which has been linked to breast cancer risk. Processed meat, chicken, fish and eggs showed no link.
Disease
Sex hormones linked to breast cancer risk
Testing blood from 265 breast cancer cases and 541 controls in the Nurses' Health Study, researchers found each elevated sex hormone carried about 16% higher risk, and women in the top fifth for estrogens or androgens were twice as likely to have breast cancer.
Healthcare
More breast cancer screenings may not render more benefits - study
A Finnish study followed women screened from age 40 and found no significant difference in breast cancer incidence or death between annual and every-three-years mammography. Incidence was 12 percent lower and mortality 20 percent higher with annual screening.
Lifestyle
Physical activity, polyunsaturated fat linked to early onset of menopause
Among 3,115 Japanese women followed for 10 years, those in the top quartile for physical activity were 17 percent more likely to reach menopause early and those eating the most polyunsaturated fat 15 percent more likely. Other fats showed no link. The effects were small but significant.
Food
AICR Study: Walnuts Show Promise of Preventing Breast Cancer (PR)
In an AICR-funded study in Nutrition and Cancer, mice genetically prone to breast cancer whose diet included walnuts, equal to about 2 ounces a day for a person, developed tumors at less than half the rate of mice eating none. It is an animal study, an AICR nutritionist cautioned.
Food
Eating walnuts fights breast cancer
Mice fed walnuts for life were 50% less likely to develop breast cancer than mice on a typical diet, and had fewer and smaller tumors when cancer did appear, Elaine Hardman's team found. The dose matched 2 ounces a day for a person; the protective ingredient is unknown.
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