Columbia's Nikolaos Scarmeas sorted 712 New Yorkers by how closely their diets matched the Mediterranean pattern, then scanned their brains about six years later. Those following it most closely were 36% less likely to have brain infarcts.
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Diet
Eating patterns and diets, from Mediterranean to low-carb and vegan.
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Diet
Childhood obesity linked to later onset of puberty in boys
Following 401 boys from ages 2 to 12, researchers found later onset of puberty in 14 percent of obese boys and 13.3 percent of overweight boys, against 7 percent of those at a normal body mass index.
Diet
ketogenic diet for seizures
The ketogenic diet, roughly 80 percent of energy from fat, helps two of three children with epilepsy and stops seizures entirely in one of three. It is not nutritionally balanced, so patients need close monitoring, vitamin supplements and a dietitian on their medical team.
Diet
Fat intake increases prostate cancer risk
Comparing 512 prostate cancer patients with 838 men without the disease, University of Nottingham researchers found the highest intakes of total, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat carried 2.3 to 2.7 times the risk of the lowest intakes.
Diet
Mediterranean Diet Prevents Stomach Cancer
In the EPIC study of 485,044 Europeans, those adhering most closely to the Mediterranean diet had a 33% lower risk of stomach cancer, with each one-point rise on an 18-point adherence scale linked to a 5% reduction.
Diet
Diet Affects Breast Cancer Risk
Mexican researchers reviewed 27 studies from Latin America and the Caribbean, linking fruit, vegetables, fish, fiber and folate to lower breast cancer risk and calories, red and processed meat, dairy, saturated fat and sucrose to higher risk. They call the food-specific evidence inconclusive.
Diet
Gluten-free vegan diet helps rheumatoid arthritis
A one-year study of 66 rheumatoid arthritis patients in Arthritis Research & Therapy found a gluten-free vegan diet lowered body mass index and LDL cholesterol and raised anti-PC IgM compared with a well-balanced non-vegan diet.
Diet
Avoid These 7 Foods and You're Off To A Healthier New Year
Mercola's experts name foods to drop: canned tomatoes, whose acidity leaches BPA from can linings; corn-fed beef, lower in omega-3s and CLA than grass-fed; microwave popcorn, whose bag chemicals vaporize into the food; and non-organic potatoes, treated repeatedly with fungicides and herbicides.
Diet
Tea prevents prostate cancer better than coffee
Australian researchers reviewing earlier work found coffee is safe but shows no correlation with prostate cancer, while green tea has shown promise in animal and in vitro studies. They call the evidence incomplete but strong enough to recommend tea as the healthier alternative.
Diet
Fish oil helps prevent breast cancer
In rats, a maternal diet high in omega-6 fat raised carcinogen-induced breast cancer risk in female offspring, and adding fish oil during pregnancy and lactation lowered it. Fish oil given at puberty or in adulthood did not reduce the risk.
Heart & Blood
High fat low carb diet may raise heart risk
In an 8-week trial of 24 overweight and obese adults, a 60 percent fat, 20 percent carbohydrate diet matched a low-fat, high-carb diet on weight loss and glucose metabolism, but researchers concluded its heart disease risks outweighed the benefits.
Diet
Diet Plans May Affect Mood
An Australian trial put 106 dieters on a low-fat or a low-carb plan for a year. Both groups lost about 30 pounds and both felt better at first, but the mood lift faded for the low-carb group while it held for the low-fat one.
Cancer
Obesity, dietary fats affect prostate cancer risk
In a study of 40 men aged 50 to 80, half with prostate cancer, BMI was higher among the patients but not significantly so, though it tracked with tumor aggressiveness. Their total, saturated and unsaturated fat intake was higher, and omega-3, vitamin C and lycopene intake lower.
Diet
Processed foods linked to high risk of depression
A British Journal of Psychiatry study of 3,486 Whitehall II participants found people eating mostly processed meat, fried food, sweets and refined cereals reported more depression five years later than those on whole foods. Folate, omega-3s or lifestyle may explain the gap.
Diet
This is your brain on fatty acids (Press Release)
Johns Hopkins researchers report in Neuron that palmitate, a fatty acid abundant in the brain, marks NMDA receptors and steers them to spots on the cell membrane where memory circuits form. The modification reverses, which the team says opens ways to manipulate memory.
Diet
High Fat Diet raises Type 2 Diabetes Risk
Brazilian researchers fed rats a high-fat or heat-treated high-fat diet for 12 months and report in Experimental Biology and Medicine that both raised body weight and impaired insulin sensitivity. The high-fat diet also damaged DNA in blood and hippocampus, and the heated version damaged more.
Diet
Daily Candy in Childhood Linked to Violence in Adulthood
A British study of 17,500 people found those eating sweets and chocolate daily at age 10 were significantly likelier to hold a violent-crime conviction by 34: 69 percent of the violent group had eaten sweets nearly every day as children, against 42 percent of the non-violent. Why is unknown.
Diet
Well-done meat linked to high risk of pancreatic cancer*
In a prospective analysis of 62,581 people, those who preferred very well done steak were about 60 percent more likely to develop pancreatic cancer than people eating less well done steak or none. High-temperature frying, grilling and barbecuing carried the risk; baking and stewing did not.
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