Sixty people ate under 40 grams of carbohydrate a day and about sixty others kept fat under 30% of calories for 12 months. The low-carb group lost more weight and fat mass and did better on HDL and triglycerides. The writer notes what participants actually ate was not tracked.
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Diet
Eating patterns and diets, from Mediterranean to low-carb and vegan.
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Diet
Comment: The linoleic acid hazard
A reader challenges a WHO article on preventing cardiovascular disease as outdated, quoting Joseph Hibbeln on mouse studies where raising linoleic acid from 1% to 8% of calories tripled endocannabinoid levels and removing it stopped a 60%-fat diet from causing obesity.
Diet
What to eat to improve insulin resistance
Carbohydrates are not the enemy in type 2 diabetes, an editor's note argues; high saturated fat, trans fat and protein intakes do the long-term harm. It points to a Mediterranean pattern, fat held under 30 percent and more fiber, with weight loss the most effective way to improve insulin resistance.
Diet
Lemon and walking fight high blood pressure
Japanese researchers asked 101 middle-aged women in Hiroshima to record their lemon intake and walking, and report that daily lemon and walking were effective against high blood pressure.
Diet
Amino acids/protein supplements may help IBS
A low-FODMAP diet eases bloating, abdominal pain and wind in irritable bowel syndrome, apparently by denying gut bacteria the fermentable carbohydrates they turn into gas. A further study finds those bacteria also make methylglyoxal, which the writer suggests may point to protein supplements.
Diet
Diet affects stomach cancer risk
In a case-control study of 53 stomach cancer patients and 53 others in Oman, eating bread, beef, cheese, soft drinks and sweet desserts was tied to significantly higher risk, while fruit, vegetables, fruit juice, yogurt, tea and salad were tied to lower incidence.
Diet
Diet low in FODMAPs help irritable bowel syndrome
A study found a diet low in FODMAPs reduced gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients, easing bloating, abdominal pain and passage of wind. Patients in all subtypes were more satisfied with stool consistency, though IBS-D patients had altered stool frequency.
Diet
The dangers of high meat diet
A review in ISRN Nutrition warns that a high-protein diet, which usually means a lot of meat and dairy, is associated with bone and calcium problems and kidney dysfunction. The author notes many consumers do not understand those effects; Americans now eat more than 15 percent protein.
Diet
What not to eat if you suffer irritable bowel syndrome
A review of diet in irritable bowel syndrome reports that soluble fiber such as pectin eases constipation but adds bloating and pain, and that carbohydrate malabsorption is often tied to symptoms. No IBS-specific dietary guidelines exist.
Diet
Could n-3 fatty acids benefit vegans?
A review notes that vegans who avoid fish already have lower cardiovascular risk than omnivores, and that those wanting omega-3s can use plant-derived ALA, though conversion to EPA and DHA is low, or supplements from microalgae, yeast or plant oils. High blood levels do not guarantee lower risk.
Diet
Fasting rebuilds immune system, helps cancer treatment
Valter Longo's team reports in Cell Stem Cell that fasting pushes the body to clear old and damaged cells and regenerate immune cells from stem cells. Mice fasted 72 hours before chemotherapy lost fewer white cells than those that were not.
Diet
Vegan Diet May Reduce Diabetic Nerve Pain
In a randomized trial of 35 type 2 diabetes patients with painful neuropathy, the half who followed a low-fat vegan diet with vitamin B12 for 20 weeks improved more on some pain measures and lost more weight than those taking the supplement alone.
Diet
High protein diet may cause chronic kidney disease
A Danish review argues high-protein diets from meat and dairy, often promoted for weight loss, raise the risk of glomerular hyperfiltration, hypertension and kidney stones, and might increase chronic kidney disease risk even in people with healthy kidneys.
Diet
Definitions and potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet: views from experts around the world (2)
Part two of a symposium on the Mediterranean diet. Tufts nutrition dean Dariush Mozaffarian argues that overall dietary patterns matter more than how much people eat or any single nutrient, and that traditional Mediterranean diets improve cardiometabolic health.
Diet
Definitions and potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet: views from experts around the world
A forum article in which clinicians and researchers describe what counts as a Mediterranean diet in different countries and how to study its effects. Antonia Trichopoulou defines it as the pattern of the olive-growing Mediterranean before the mid-1960s, shaped by climate and hardship.
Diet
Gluten containing food boosts risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Researchers followed 2,291 children with a family history of type 1 diabetes from birth and found those fed gluten-containing foods before three months of age were 245 percent more likely to develop the disease than exclusively breastfed infants.
Diet
MedDiet has varied effects on cognitive decline among different races -- Ben-Gurion University researcher
Researchers analyzed eight years of Health ABC data on 2,326 adults aged 70 to 79 and found close adherence to a Mediterranean diet tracked with slower cognitive decline among African American but not white participants. They say other populations must be studied to confirm it.
Diet
FDA Posts Updated Results for its Total Diet Study
The FDA posted Total Diet Study data for foods collected from 2006 to 2011, reporting arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury plus 12 nutritional elements in about 280 table-ready foods. The agency found statistically significant declines in sodium in several processed foods.
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