Following female sex workers in Kaiyuan, Yunnan from 2006 to 2009, researchers recorded 19 new HIV infections, an incidence of 1.44 per 100 person-years. Non-injection drug use, inconsistent condom use by clients and more clients per week each raised the risk.
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Disease
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Disease
Obesity linked to high risk of dangerous triple negative breast cancer
Reviewing case-case and case-control studies, George Mason University researchers found obesity was associated with a 20 to 24 percent higher risk of triple-negative breast cancer. In case-case data the link appeared only in premenopausal women, whose risk was 43 percent higher.
Disease
Sexual health news: Erectile dysfunction not linked to cardiovascular death
Among 31,296 Washington men aged 50 to 76 followed about 7.8 years, erectile dysfunction went with 23 percent higher cardiovascular death after adjusting for age, marital status and education. The association vanished once diabetes, hypertension treatment, BMI and family history were included.
Disease
Breast cancer survival more likely in those using healthy diet
A. Vrieling's team followed 2,522 postmenopausal breast cancer patients for the British Journal of Cancer. A healthy dietary pattern, heavy on fruit, vegetable oil, sauces and soups, was associated with 26 percent lower overall death risk and 29 percent lower risk of recurrence.
Disease
Worker Could be Punished Over Flu Shot
An employee of Mercy Hospital in Missouri told CNN that refusing the required flu shot would cost her a 2013 raise and bring a written warning. The piece also cites Swiss health workers who decline the vaccine themselves and hesitate to offer it, viewing seasonal flu as a benign disease.
Disease
Do you have to remove breasts to prevent breast cancer?
Prompted by a Miss America contestant's plan for a preventive double mastectomy, the piece cites a study in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment finding women whose mothers were diagnosed with breast cancer before age 50 were about 69 percent more likely to develop it themselves.
Disease
Breast cancer linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus
A British Journal of Cancer meta-analysis found women with type 2 diabetes were 27% more likely to have breast cancer, falling to 16% in studies that adjusted for BMI. The researchers saw no raised risk with type 1 diabetes or in premenopausal women.
Disease
Obesity linked to elevated risk of coronary heart disease
Following 737 men and 860 women aged 70 in Goteborg for 15 years, researchers found men in the highest quartile of waist circumference or BMI were 36 and 42 percent more likely to develop coronary heart disease. Neither measure predicted the disease in women. Published in Obesity.
Disease
Silicon compounds may cause rheumatoid arthritis
A review in Arthritis argues that silica, asbestos, silicone and nanoparticles can drive immune hyperactivation and tissue injury, which the authors say may trigger autoimmune responses leading to rheumatoid arthritis. Industrial, mining and farm workers and implant recipients face the exposure.
Disease
Intensified lifestyle intervention cuts risk of diabetes mellitus
In a Finnish trial, 522 overweight middle-aged adults with impaired glucose tolerance received either intensive lifestyle coaching or general advice for four years. Across the intervention and 13 years of follow-up, the coached group's diabetes risk ran 39% lower.
Disease
Type 1 diabetes mellitus linked to worse pregnancy outcomes
Comparing 6,000 pregnancies in women with type 1 diabetes and 142,498 without at three Dublin teaching hospitals from 1995 to 2006, researchers found spontaneous abortion in 15% versus 8%, perinatal mortality 3.3% versus 0.9% and fetal macrosomia 29% versus 16%.
Disease
Cholesterol linked to dementia, cognitive decline
Reviewing the evidence in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, P. van Vliet reports high cholesterol in midlife, but not in late life, tracked with later dementia and cognitive decline. Randomised trials have not confirmed that statins protect late-life cognition.
Disease
Menstrual cycle length linked to breast cancer risk
A case-control study of 263 breast cancer patients and 457 controls in Kunming, China found short menstrual cycles positively associated with breast cancer risk, along with older age at first birth, never breastfeeding, contraceptive use and induced abortion.
Disease
Greater exposure to estrogen linked to lower lung cancer risk
Comparing 407 women with lung cancer to 499 controls, researchers found later menopause, longer reproductive periods, hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptive use each tied to lower lung cancer risk. The study is not a trial and cannot show cause.
Disease
High cholesterol linked to dementia with stroke
Among 1,111 dementia-free people averaging 75 years old, those in the highest LDL cholesterol quartile were three times as likely as the lowest to be diagnosed with dementia with stroke. Lipid levels showed no association with Alzheimer's disease.
Disease
Hypertension plus type 2 diabetes more likely lead to cardiovascular disease
A cross-sectional study of 4,725 hypertensive patients in Spain found that those who also had type 2 diabetes showed more albuminuria, renal failure, left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid plaque and cardiovascular disease than non-diabetic patients with three or more risk factors.
Disease
Diabetes mellitus type 2 boosts breast cancer risk
Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes were 35 percent more likely to develop breast cancer, and women with breast cancer and diabetes were 65 percent more likely to die of any cause, in a study of 1,447 cases and 1,453 controls. The authors say diabetes may increase incidence.
Disease
Induced abortion linked to high breast cancer risk
In a case-control study of 669 breast cancer patients and 682 controls in Jiangsu, China, women who had ever had an induced abortion faced higher breast cancer risk, rising with the number of procedures; premenopausal women with three or more were at 55 percent higher risk after adjustment.
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