Swimmers' organic residues react with pool chlorine to form disinfection byproducts that can promote respiratory ailments, and standard filters do not remove the precursors. Researchers found over three-quarters of 11 indoor pools exceeded combined chlorine guidelines.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Nutrition
Did a Flu Drug Manufacturer Withhold Evidence From Drug Trials?
Doctors say Roche has withheld Tamiflu trial data, leaving scientists unable to judge the stockpiled drug. A review of what is public found no evidence it prevents complications such as pneumonia in healthy people, though it may shorten illness by about a day.
Phytochemicals
Could This 'Forbidden Medicine' Eliminate the Need for Drugs?
Amy Lansky defends homeopathy against a November 2009 American Journal of Medicine commentary by Michael Baum and Edzard Ernst, arguing they garble the terminology and lean on a single flawed meta-analysis while ignoring positive ones.
Supplements
The super prostate formula
A look at Physicians Choice's Super Prostate Formula, whose soy isoflavone and saw palmetto ingredients have some supporting research but cannot legally be marketed as preventing prostate cancer. The maker offers a free month, then $79.90 for three months.
Phytochemicals
Mistletoe extract helps cancer survival
A systematic review in BMC Cancer pooled 41 studies of the mistletoe extract Iscador and put the overall hazard ratio for survival at 0.59. The authors flag considerable publication bias, and randomised studies showed weaker effects than non-randomised ones.
Food
That Morning Cup o’Joe may lower your diabetes risk
Australian researchers led by Rachel Huxley found that drinking three to four cups of coffee or tea a day was linked to 25 percent lower diabetes risk, with similar results for decaf. They suggest compounds such as magnesium, lignans and chlorogenic acids, not caffeine, may be responsible.
Phytochemicals
Cholesterol's Too High? Eat Lots of Veggies
In a placebo-controlled crossover feeding trial of 18 adults, 459 and 2,059 mg of dietary phytosterols a day raised fecal and biliary cholesterol excretion and cut intestinal absorption, and the 2,059 mg dose significantly lowered LDL cholesterol.
Vitamins
Autism rate on the rise, vitamin D may help
The CDC reported autism spectrum disorder prevalence rose 57 percent from 2002 to 2006, reaching one in 110 eight-year-olds, and said a true increase in risk cannot be ruled out. The report names no cause; Vitamin D Council director John Cannell has proposed vitamin D deficiency as one factor.
Food
Hangover impairs performance
Brown University researchers report that heavy drinking of bourbon, which carries 37 times the congeners of vodka, produced a worse next-day hangover than vodka, but impairment on next-day task performance was about the same for both drinks.
Food
Alcohol boosts risk of breast cancer and deaths
Kaiser Permanente researchers followed 1,898 early-stage breast cancer patients and found postmenopausal women drinking more than two alcoholic drinks a day faced a 39 percent higher recurrence risk than non-drinkers. Kwan suggests alcohol may raise estrogen levels that feed tumor growth.
Diet
Tea prevents prostate cancer better than coffee
Australian researchers reviewing earlier work found coffee is safe but shows no correlation with prostate cancer, while green tea has shown promise in animal and in vitro studies. They call the evidence incomplete but strong enough to recommend tea as the healthier alternative.
Food
Coffee consumption linked to lower diabetes risk
A review in Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome found 14 of 18 cohort studies reported substantially lower type 2 diabetes risk among frequent coffee drinkers, and an Australian meta-analysis put three to four cups a day at 25 percent lower risk. The reviewers say it is too early to advise coffee.
Food
Coffee, tea may reduce diabetes risk
A meta-analysis of about three dozen studies covering 457,000 people found an inverse association between coffee drinking and type 2 diabetes, with risk falling for each additional daily cup. The article cautions these are associations and coffee drinkers may differ in other ways.
Food
Restaurant meals may raise diabetes risk - study
Following 44,000 women in the Black Women's Health Study for 10 years, Boston University researchers tied restaurant hamburgers, fried chicken, fried fish and Chinese food to higher type 2 diabetes risk. Adjusting for body mass index weakened the estimates.
Supplements
New study links DHA type of omega-3 to better nervous-system function (PR)
Research in Behavioral Neuroscience reports that the omega-3 fats DHA and EPA help animals avoid sensory overload, perhaps by maintaining nerve-cell membranes. The authors connect low omega-3 levels to information-processing problems seen in schizophrenia, ADHD, OCD and Huntington's disease.
Phytochemicals
Drinking beer prevents prostate cancer?
A roundup of research on xanthohumol, a hops compound that slowed prostate cancer cell growth in culture and showed promise in rats. Researcher Emily Ho warns beer holds far too little, the effective dose matching about 17 beers, and that alcohol is a recognized human carcinogen.
Phytochemicals
Drinking green tea may help prevent hepatic fibrosis
Korean researchers report that green tea extract cut collagen deposition in a rat hepatic stellate cell line and prevented liver fibrosis in rats given a fibrosis-inducing chemical. They suggest it may warrant study as a treatment or preventive measure.
Diet
Fish oil helps prevent breast cancer
In rats, a maternal diet high in omega-6 fat raised carcinogen-induced breast cancer risk in female offspring, and adding fish oil during pregnancy and lactation lowered it. Fish oil given at puberty or in adulthood did not reduce the risk.
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