Chinese researchers report that chromium III, the form common in dietary supplements, caused mutations in yeast and DNA damage in yeast and Jurkat cells, and was more toxic than chromium VI. They suggest supplementation may not be safe for people who are not deficient.
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Page 28 of 189
Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Vitamins
Delta-tocotrienol fights rheumatoid arthritis
Rats with collagen-induced arthritis given delta-tocotrienol, a form of vitamin E, at 10 mg/kg for 25 days had less paw swelling than rats given glucosamine. The authors say the vitamin E may be of therapeutic value against rheumatoid arthritis.
Supplements
Ginseng reduces oxidative damage induced by cell phone radiation
Rats exposed to simulated 900 MHz cell phone radiation four hours a day for 12 days suffered oxidative liver injury. Two ginseng preparations protected against it, raising superoxide dismutase and glutathione while lowering malonic dialdehyde and Nrf2 protein expression.
Food
Children Are Eating More Fruit, Not More Vegetables
CDC's Vital Signs report found U.S. children ate 67% more whole fruit from 2003 to 2010 while vegetable intake held flat and juice fell 30%. Still, 60% fell short on fruit and 93% on vegetables; the agency urges child care and schools to serve produce more often.
Supplements
Alpha-lipoic acid supplements fight chronic diseases
A review in Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome reports that experimental studies have tested alpha-lipoic acid, a potent antioxidant, as a possible therapy for oxidative stress-related conditions including Alzheimer's disease, obesity, hypertension and diabetes complications.
Food
Sufficient protein intake prevents sarcopenia, osteoporosis
In women aged 65 and older, those eating more than 1.2 g of protein per kilogram a day had significantly higher muscle, bone and fat mass, while low essential amino acid intake showed up in women with sarcopenia. The authors conclude adequate protein alone can benefit bone and lean mass.
Vitamins
Protein reduces anticancer effect of vitamin A
Virginia Commonwealth University researchers report in Cancer Research that the protein AEG-1 binds retinoid X receptors and blocks retinoic acid signalling in leukemia and liver cancer. In animal models, suppressing AEG-1 let retinoic acid kill liver cancer cells.
Food
63% of Americans Actively Avoid Soda
A Gallup poll found 63 percent of Americans try to avoid soda, up from 41 percent in 2002, with consumption back near 1986 levels. Diet Coke sales fell 7 percent in 2013 amid concern over aspartame, and Coca-Cola is pushing smaller, personalized cans.
Supplements
Citrus fruit compound may prevent obesity, reverse type 2 diabetes
Mice on a 40 percent fat diet given 5 mg per kg of sudachitin, a flavonoid from sudachi citrus peel, for 12 weeks showed improved glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and blood lipids, plus greater energy expenditure and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
Phytochemicals
Anthocyanins help fight deadly breast cancer - study
Chinese researchers found cyanidin-3-glucoside combined with trastuzumab synergistically triggered apoptosis, slowed cell growth and altered HER2 signaling in three breast cancer cell lines, and inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft model.
Supplements
Souvenaid(®) an effective medical food for Alzheimer's disease
A Journal of Alzheimer's Disease report details how each ingredient in Souvenaid, a Nutricia-developed nutrient mix of EPA, DHA, phospholipids, choline, uridine monophosphate, vitamin E and selenium, may protect against early-stage Alzheimer's. Trials are still running in several countries.
Supplements
Oxidative stress boosts hip fracture risk, antioxidants lower the risk
A Journal of Bone and Mineral Research study found women in the top 30 percent for a blood marker of oxidation products had 2.67 times the hip fracture risk of those in the bottom 30 percent. The piece suggests antioxidant supplements may reduce that risk.
Supplements
Gamma oryzanol supplements improve muscle strength
In a nine-week trial, 16 healthy men took 600 mg of gamma oryzanol daily and 14 took placebo alongside resistance training. The supplement group ended with different bench press and leg curl one-rep maximums, indicating greater strength, though body measurements did not change.
Diet
Could n-3 fatty acids benefit vegans?
A review notes that vegans who avoid fish already have lower cardiovascular risk than omnivores, and that those wanting omega-3s can use plant-derived ALA, though conversion to EPA and DHA is low, or supplements from microalgae, yeast or plant oils. High blood levels do not guarantee lower risk.
Diet
Fasting rebuilds immune system, helps cancer treatment
Valter Longo's team reports in Cell Stem Cell that fasting pushes the body to clear old and damaged cells and regenerate immune cells from stem cells. Mice fasted 72 hours before chemotherapy lost fewer white cells than those that were not.
Food
Fruits and Veggies Reduce Death Risk
Diet
Vegan Diet May Reduce Diabetic Nerve Pain
In a randomized trial of 35 type 2 diabetes patients with painful neuropathy, the half who followed a low-fat vegan diet with vitamin B12 for 20 weeks improved more on some pain measures and lost more weight than those taking the supplement alone.
Vitamins
Multivitamin/mineral supplements help chronic fatigue syndrome
In a Serbian study of 38 women with chronic fatigue syndrome, two months of multivitamin and mineral supplements raised superoxide dismutase levels and reduced fatigue, sleep disorders, autonomic symptoms, and headache frequency and intensity.
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