In an Ontario case-control study of 3,101 breast cancer cases and 3,471 controls, women with the highest intake of supplemental isoflavones were 61% less likely to be diagnosed. Using three or more supplements went with 32% lower risk, five years or more of use with 25%.
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Supplements
Dietary supplements: evidence, safety and new products.
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Supplements
Betaine, choline help prevent lung cancer in smokers
In an analysis of 2,821 lung cancer cases and 2,923 controls, betaine intake showed no link to lung cancer among never smokers but tracked with lower risk in smokers: 30% lower for former and 49% lower for current smokers in the top intake quartile. Choline showed similar patterns.
Supplements
Fish Oil Increases Prostate Cancer Risk
Tracking 834 men with prostate cancer and 1,393 without, a Journal of the National Cancer Institute study found those with the highest blood omega-3 concentrations were 43 percent more likely to have the disease and 71 percent more likely to have a high-grade form.
Supplements
Antioxidants may extend your lifespan
Bruce Ames and colleagues reviewed 217 research articles for PNAS and concluded that vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoids can reduce oxidative damage and help prevent or delay age-related conditions such as cancer, heart disease, immune decline and cataracts.
Supplements
Glutathione (GSH) may help male infertility
Comparing 31 infertile men with 30 fertile ones, researchers found lower semen volume, sperm count and seminal glutathione in the infertile group, though red-cell glutathione levels were similar. They suggest glutathione supplements may help male infertility.
Supplements
L-cysteine fights obesity?
Rats fed a diet with 1% or 2% L-cysteine ate less and had lower triglycerides in blood and liver, a study in Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry reports. The 2% dose raised catalase and glutathione reductase activity, but antioxidant levels were unchanged.
Supplements
Whey protein supplements help build muscles
Over nine months of supervised resistance training, participants supplementing with whey gained 3.3 kg of lean body mass, against 2.3 kg for carbohydrate and 1.8 kg for soy protein. Fat mass did not change in any of the three groups.
Supplements
Fish oil lowers blood pressure among hypertension patients
A review of 17 studies covering 1,524 people found fish oil supplements lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 2.56 and 1.47 mmHg in people with hypertension, with smaller reductions in those without. The authors say fish oil cannot replace blood pressure drugs.
Supplements
Breast cancer risk lower in women taking isoflavone supplements
An Ontario study of 3,101 breast cancer cases and 3,471 controls found isoflavone supplement use associated with lower risk: 32% lower for women using three or more supplements and 25% for any supplement taken five years or longer. The reduction showed up only in postmenopausal women.
Supplements
Antioxidants improve male fertility
A report in Seminars in Reproductive Medicine cites a Cochrane review finding men who took antioxidants had significantly higher live birth and pregnancy rates, with some studies reporting fourfold and nearly fivefold gains. Carnitine, vitamins C and E, selenium and zinc are among those tested.
Supplements
Green tea extract, poly-gamma-glutamic acid prevent obesity
In diabetic db/db mice, four weeks of chow supplemented with both green tea extract and poly-gamma-glutamic acid reduced weight and body-fat gain, fatty liver and pancreatic islet size. Neither supplement worked alone, and nondiabetic mice showed no effect.
Supplements
n-3 fatty acids help diabetes mellitus patients with hypertriglyceridemia
In a randomised open-label study, 51 diabetes patients with persistent high triglycerides already on statins took 4 g, 2 g or no omega-3 fatty acids for eight weeks. The 4 g group ended with larger LDL particles and lower triglycerides than statins alone, and no side effects.
Supplements
Korean red ginseng good for diabetes patients
A rat study in Food Chemistry and Toxicology suggests Korean red ginseng extract may prevent acute renal failure induced by gentamicin and the pharmacokinetic changes induced by metformin. Researchers at Dongguk University-Seoul ran the work.
Supplements
Resveratrol, selenium, and breast cancer
One study found low concentrations of resveratrol promoted mammary tumour growth and metastasis, leading the authors to caution breast cancer patients against supplementing. A second found organic selenium compounds delayed tumour growth in mice more than inorganic selenite.
Supplements
Zinc oxide used in dietary supplements toxic
In cultured human fetal lung fibroblasts, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide nanoparticles all caused mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death, with toxicity rising by dose. Zinc oxide proved the most toxic of the four, the Nanjing researchers found.
Supplements
St. John's wort extract may prevent Alzheimer's disease
In mice bred to model Alzheimer's, a St. John's wort extract standardized to 5 percent hyperforin significantly reduced parenchymal beta-amyloid 1-40 and 1-42 buildup and moderately raised cerebrovascular P-glycoprotein, which helps export amyloid from the brain.
Supplements
Chinese herbal medicine helps treat lung cancer
A PLOS One review of 24 trials covering 2,109 patients found Chinese herbal medicine added to chemotherapy raised one-year survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer by 36 percent and reduced severe nausea and vomiting.
Supplements
High dietary protein protects against arsenic induced toxicity
Rats given arsenic trioxide for 28 days lost testis and epididymis weight, sperm count, motility and testosterone, but a high-protein diet partly restored those measures. The researcher says high protein may counteract arsenic's effect on the male gonad.
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