A 1999 placebo-controlled pilot trial of 74 patients with type 2 diabetes found four weeks of oral alpha-lipoic acid, at 600 to 1,800 mg a day, raised insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, echoing earlier findings with short-term intravenous doses.
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Supplements
Dietary supplements: evidence, safety and new products.
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Supplements
Spirulina lowers serum cholesterol
A 1988 study gave 30 men with mild hyperlipidemia or hypertension 4.2 grams of spirulina a day. Total serum cholesterol fell significantly, most in those with high cholesterol or high cholesterol intake, and returned to baseline once they stopped.
Supplements
Alpha lipoic acid helps weight loss
An open-label study of 12 non-diabetic schizophrenia patients on antipsychotics found those taking 1,200 mg of alpha-lipoic acid for more than 10 weeks lost an average of 2.2 kg — and 2.9 kg among those on antihistaminic antipsychotics.
Supplements
Milk Thistle prevents prostate cancer - study suggests
Mice carrying advanced human prostate cancer xenografts stopped growing tumors after being fed four flavonolignans isolated from milk thistle extract. The compounds suppressed angiogenesis markers such as VEGF and CD31 without harming vessel counts in liver, lung or kidney.
Supplements
Beta carotene may protect people with common genetic risk factor for type-2 diabetes (PR)
Stanford researchers mining large datasets report in Human Genetics that, among people carrying a double dose of one gene variant tied to type-2 diabetes, higher blood beta carotene was strongly associated with lower risk while gamma tocopherol tracked with higher risk.
Supplements
Betaine may help prevent Alzheimer's disease
In rats given homocysteine injections, betaine supplements eased memory deficits, improved dendritic branching and spine density, and reduced tau hyperphosphorylation and beta-amyloid production, a Neurochemistry study found.
Supplements
Micronutrients Prevent Age-Related Macular Degeneration
An International Journal of Ophthalmology review finds strong AREDS evidence that vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc and beta-carotene slow stage 3 to 4 macular degeneration over five years, though not progression to atrophic AMD. High beta-carotene intake is contraindicated for smokers.
Supplements
Inositol supplements stop prostate cancer growth
Mice carrying implanted human prostate cancer that ate a diet containing inositol hexaphosphate, a component of high-fiber diets, grew smaller tumors than controls, a study in Cancer found. IP6 appeared to block formation of the blood vessels tumors need.
Supplements
Dietary supplements, functional foods help Alzheimer's disease - studies
Three studies in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry look at antioxidants and Alzheimer's. In one, anthocyanin-rich bilberry and blackcurrant extracts reduced amyloid precursor protein processing and eased spatial working memory deficits in aged mice modelling the disease.
Supplements
Long-term use of omega-3 fatty acids may prevent Alzheimer's disease
A review of animal studies found long-term omega-3 supplementation, running beyond 10 percent of lifespan, reduced amyloid-beta, eased cognitive impairment and limited neuronal loss in Alzheimer's models. Early human trials helped only mild disease or mild cognitive impairment.
Supplements
All-trans retinoic acid boosts memory in mice with Alzheimer's disease
Mice given the antibiotic streptozotocin to induce Alzheimer's-type dementia did better on the Morris water maze after 19 days of all-trans retinoic acid, and showed less change in the biomarkers studied. The authors credit anti-cholinesterase, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Supplements
Could prebiotics or probiotics cure type 1 diabetes?
A study in Diabetes compared gut bacteria in 18 children carrying diabetes-associated autoantibodies with healthy children and found fewer lactic acid and butyrate producers and more Bacteroides. The authors suggest prebiotics or probiotics might help correct the imbalance.
Supplements
Bitter melon powder cures metabolic syndrome - trial
Forty-two Taiwanese adults took 4.8 grams of wild bitter gourd powder daily for three months. The share meeting metabolic syndrome criteria fell by up to 19 percent at three months and waist circumference shrank, with no side effects, in this small uncontrolled trial.
Supplements
Red yeast rice helps lower more than cholesterol
A review reports red yeast rice lowers LDL and total cholesterol about as well as statins -- it contains monacolin K, or lovastatin -- and may also improve triglycerides and HDL. Evidence for effects on diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer, fatty liver, fatigue and memory remains limited.
Supplements
Dietary supplement effective in lowering LDL cholesterol
In a trial of 45 people with untreated high cholesterol, a supplement of red yeast rice extract, policosanol and artichoke leaf extract lowered LDL by 0.21 to 0.25 g/L at both doses tested, with no effect on HDL or triglycerides and no change in muscle, liver or kidney markers.
Supplements
Quercetin, vitamin C prevent muscle damage
Eight weeks of quercetin and vitamin C did not improve exercise performance in student athletes but reduced muscle damage and body fat percentage, an Iranian study found. Quercetin alone significantly lowered creatine kinase levels.
Supplements
Fish oil supplements fight hypertension - review
A review in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology pooled 17 trials with 1,524 participants and found fish oil lowered systolic blood pressure by 2.56 mmHg and diastolic by 1.47 mmHg in people with hypertension. The change in people with normal pressure was not significant.
Supplements
Nutrition supplements that help myocardial infarction
Polish authors writing in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine suggest heart attack survivors can use weight training and nutrient supplementation — amino acids, vitamins, coenzyme Q10, pycnogenol, inositol, omega-3s and minerals — in place of drugs that carry adverse effects.
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