A meta-analysis of 10 observational studies found serum 25OHD concentrations 1.4 standard deviations lower in Alzheimer's patients than in matched healthy controls. The authors treat vitamin D as a possible biomarker of the disease rather than a proven cause.
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Vitamins
Research on vitamins A through K, deficiencies and supplementation.
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Vitamins
Vitamin C prevents estrogen-induced breast cancer - study
A Carcinogenesis study by Bhupendra Singh and Hari Bhat found vitamin C and the food preservative BHA induced superoxide dismutase 3 and reduced a breast cancer biomarker in rats, building on earlier work in which both antioxidants inhibited estrogen-induced tumours.
Vitamins
Hepatitis C virus carriers need sufficient vitamin A
A Hepatology study reported median serum vitamin A of 256 ng/mL in hepatitis C carriers against 742 ng/mL in healthy people. Vitamin A affects interferon receptor expression, which may partly explain poor treatment response, though the deficiency could result from the infection rather than cause it.
Vitamins
Vitamin B17 may cure cervical cancer
Amygdalin, sold as vitamin B17 and found in apricot kernels, triggered apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells and slowed HeLa tumour growth in animals, Jilin University researchers report. They say it may offer a therapeutic option if trials confirm the result.
Vitamins
Low vitamin D linked to worse pregnancy outcomes
A BMJ meta-analysis of 31 studies found pregnant women with low serum vitamin D were 51%, 21% and 15% more likely to develop gestational diabetes, develop preeclampsia and have a small baby. The researchers said randomized trials are needed to confirm any benefit of supplements.
Vitamins
Vitamin D may help prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus
A Korean prospective study found people with 11-19.9 ng/mL of 25(OH)D were twice as likely to develop type 2 diabetes as those above 20 ng/mL, and those below 10 ng/mL more than three times as likely. It shows an association, not proof that vitamin D prevents the disease.
Vitamins
Why Americans Have the Most Expensive Urine in the World
The writer argues unneeded prescription drugs, sold through direct-to-consumer TV advertising, do far more harm than unneeded vitamins, citing accidents, suicides and drug interactions, and cites Duke's Allen Frances on the dangers of unnecessary psychiatric medication.
Vitamins
Vitamin D May Lower Blood Pressure in African Americans
In a Hypertension study, 250 African-American adults took 1,000 to 4,000 units of vitamin D daily or a placebo for three months. Systolic pressure rose in the placebo group and fell one to four points with supplementation, most at the highest dose. Lead author John Forman calls the gains modest.
Vitamins
Niacin prevents cardiovascular disease events
A meta-analysis of 11 trials and 9,959 patients in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology linked niacin to 34 percent lower risk of any cardiovascular event and 25 percent lower risk of a major coronary event. It found no significant effect on stroke.
Vitamins
Folic acid supplement doesn't prevent gestational hypertension, preeclampsia
In a Chinese cohort of 193,554 women, taking 400 micrograms of folic acid alone in early pregnancy did not prevent gestational hypertension or preeclampsia and was associated with 8 and 11 percent higher risk respectively. The authors say the vitamin does not explain earlier multivitamin findings.
Vitamins
Subclinical Vitamin K Deficiency boosts Knee Osteoarthritis risk
In the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study, participants with subclinical vitamin K deficiency were 56% more likely to develop radiographic knee osteoarthritis and 139% more likely to show cartilage lesions on MRI over 30 months.
Vitamins
How much vitamin D does a postmenopausal woman need?
A Current Medical Research and Opinion review reports ESCEO advice that postmenopausal women keep serum vitamin D at 50 nmol/L or higher, taking 800 to 1,000 IU a day if below that, and that those at elevated risk of falls and fracture aim for 75 nmol/L.
Vitamins
Vitamin D may reduce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in healthy men
A cross-sectional study of 6,567 Korean men found serum vitamin D significantly lower in the 43.6 percent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and those in the lowest vitamin D tertile at higher risk than the highest, independent of BMI and metabolic syndrome.
Vitamins
Vitamin b12 deficiency not linked with birth weight
Researchers in Vellore, India tested vitamin B12 in low-risk pregnant women and found deficiency rates were similar whether babies weighed under or over 2,500 grams, 33% versus 29%, a difference that was not significant. Low birth weight tracked with low socioeconomic status.
Vitamins
Vitamin D insufficiency, high vitamin A linked to high risk of osteoporosis
Among 232 healthy postmenopausal women, those with vitamin D deficiency and the highest serum retinol were about eight times more likely to be diagnosed with osteoporosis than those with the lowest retinol, an Archives of Osteoporosis study found.
Vitamins
Vitamin C helps protect the liver
A review in Pharmacology & Pharmacy of human and animal studies concludes vitamin C may protect the liver from drugs and chemicals that damage it. The authors say hepatotoxic compounds generate reactive oxygen species and that ascorbic acid, an antioxidant, neutralises them.
Vitamins
Folic acid harms embryonic development
Feeding pregnant mice 10 times the recommended folic acid caused embryonic loss, developmental delay or ventricular abnormality, McGill researchers found, after earlier seeing harm at 20 times the dose. Whether the same happens in human embryos remains unconfirmed.
Vitamins
Type 2 diabetes mellitus more likely in those with vitamin D deficiency
Among 1,080 non-diabetic Korean adults with at least one diabetes risk factor, those with 25(OH)D of 10 to 19.9 ng/mL were twice as likely, and those below 10 ng/mL three times as likely, to develop type 2 diabetes over five years as those above 20 ng/mL.
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