In a trial of 35 obese adolescents, those taking 4,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for six months raised their serum vitamin D and improved fasting insulin, insulin resistance and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio. BMI, inflammatory markers and blood glucose did not change.
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Vitamins
Research on vitamins A through K, deficiencies and supplementation.
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Vitamins
Vitamin C supplements linked to kidney stones, So?
A Swedish study found men taking vitamin C supplements were twice as likely to develop kidney stones, with risk rising at higher doses. This commentary calls the lead author's advice against the supplements biased, noting the observational design cannot show cause.
Vitamins
Could high vitamin D increase prostate cancer risk?
A Norwegian nested case-control study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition linked each 30-nmol/L rise in blood 25(OH)D to a 15% higher risk of prostate cancer, and 27% for samples drawn in summer and autumn. The authors say it is unclear whether the link is causal.
Vitamins
Multiple sclerosis patients should use vitamin D
A review reports vitamin D insufficiency is common in multiple sclerosis patients even at the earliest stages, and argues the vitamin may influence the disease mainly through the peripheral immune system. The authors recommend patients take moderate doses of vitamin D.
Vitamins
Vitamin B complex improves mood in adults with depression
In a randomized, double-blind trial of 60 adults with major depression, 30 days of a B-vitamin supplement improved depressive and anxiety symptoms and mental-health quality of life compared with placebo, University of Miami researchers report in ISRN Psychiatry.
Vitamins
Low vitamin D levels linked to high risk of premenopausal breast cancer (PR)
A UC San Diego-led prospective study of blood from 1,200 healthy women found those with low serum vitamin D in the three months before diagnosis had roughly three times the premenopausal breast cancer risk of women in the highest vitamin D group, Cancer Causes and Control reports.
Vitamins
Does folic acid cause cancer?
Pooling trials using 0.5 to 5 mg a day, Lancet researchers found 7.7 percent of high-intake subjects developed cancer versus 7.3 percent on low intake, a gap they call not statistically significant, though they cannot completely rule a risk out.
Vitamins
Vitamin D Holds Promise in Battling a Deadly Breast Cancer (PR)
Saint Louis University researchers report in The Journal of Cell Biology that they mapped a molecular pathway driving triple-negative breast cancer, flagged vitamin D and some protease inhibitors as possible therapies, and found three biomarkers to identify patients who might benefit.
Vitamins
Megadoses of vitamin C help common cold, influenza
Among 252 students given 1,000 mg of vitamin C hourly for six hours at symptom onset and then three times daily, reported cold and flu symptoms fell 85 percent compared with 463 controls given pain relievers and decongestants, the researchers report.
Vitamins
Vitamin D3 as effective as influenza vaccine - study
In a randomized trial of Japanese schoolchildren, influenza A struck 18 of 167 children taking 1,200 IU of vitamin D3 daily, against 31 of 167 who did not - 64 percent fewer cases. The article sets that beside the CDC's roughly 65 percent effectiveness figure for flu vaccine.
Vitamins
Low vitamin D linked to high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Among 9,841 Danes followed for 29 years, those in the lowest quartile of plasma vitamin D were 35 percent more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those in the highest. A meta-analysis of 16 studies put the same gap at 50 percent.
Vitamins
Dr. James D. Watson: Antioxidant supplements could worsen late-stage cancer
James Watson argues in Open Biology that antioxidants may harm patients with some late-stage cancers, because hard-to-treat tumors can make antioxidants that neutralize the reactive oxygen species most cancer therapies rely on to kill cells.
Vitamins
Dietary antioxidants linked to lower risk of esophageal cancer
An International Journal of Cancer study found high vitamin E intake was inversely associated with esophageal cancer, by 57 percent from foods and 36 percent from foods plus supplements. The highest beta-carotene intake tracked with 55 percent lower odds of dysplastic Barrett's esophagus.
Vitamins
Vitamin A prevents cervical cancer
X. Zhang's meta-analysis of 15 studies covering 12,136 people found high vitamin A intake tied to 41% less cervical cancer and high blood levels to 40% less. High serum retinol alone tracked with 14% more risk, which the authors cannot explain.
Vitamins
Disappointed with influenza vaccine? Try vitamin C!
A 2007 review by John T. A. Ely argues high-dose vitamin C can prevent and treat influenza, proposing roughly 5 grams a day for prevention and 1 gram an hour in severe cases. Ely calls vitamin C a nutrient the body needs in large amounts, not a trace vitamin.
Vitamins
Vitamin D supplements help multiple sclerosis
In a trial of 68 multiple sclerosis patients given 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 weekly for 96 weeks, everyone in the treatment group ended winter above 50 nmol/L, against 55 percent on placebo. The authors suggest supplements for patients with little winter sun or dietary vitamin D.
Vitamins
High intake of vitamin B-6, riboflavin linked to low colorectal cancer risk
Among 88,045 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative, those with the highest vitamin B-6 intakes were 20 percent less likely and those with the highest riboflavin intakes 19 percent less likely to be diagnosed with colorectal cancer than those with the lowest.
Vitamins
Breast cancer news: Vitamin d deficiency may cause breast cancer
A case-control study of 90 breast cancer patients and 90 matched controls in Pakistan found mean vitamin D of 9.3 ng/ml in patients versus 14.9 in controls, with deficiency in 95.6 percent of patients against 77 percent of controls. Bone mineral density showed no link to deficiency.
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