In the Physicians' Health Study II, 14,641 men taking a daily multivitamin showed a modest reduction in total cancer risk over an average 11 years, among cancer survivors and men never diagnosed alike. The same men saw no benefit for heart health.
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Vitamins
Research on vitamins A through K, deficiencies and supplementation.
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Vitamins
Coenzyme Q10 may help (prevent) cardiac arrest
A small study in Resuscitation measured CoQ10 in 23 cardiac arrest patients and 16 healthy controls: patients averaged 0.28 umol/L against 0.75 in controls, and those who died or had poor neurologic outcomes had lower levels still. The authors report an association, not a treatment.
Vitamins
Vitamin C supplements lower cholesterol
In a study of 60 healthy adults in India, the 30 who took 500 mg vitamin C tablets daily for 30 days significantly lowered total and LDL cholesterol, with no significant change in HDL or VLDL. The comparison group took glucose instead.
Vitamins
Vitamin D cuts lung cancer death risk in non-smokers
Analyzing NHANES III data on 16,693 adults for Cancer Causes & Control, researchers found former and never smokers with serum vitamin D above 44 nmol/L were 47 percent less likely to die of lung cancer. Pooling all participants showed no association.
Vitamins
Vitamin K2 fights rheumatoid arthritis
In a Japanese study in Modern Rheumatology, female rheumatoid arthritis patients given 45 mg of vitamin K2 a day had lower serum C-reactive protein, MMP-3 and DAS28-CRP than controls, and 52 patients treated for three months without medication changes saw significant drops in those markers.
Vitamins
High riboflavin linked to low lung cancer risk
Among 71,267 Chinese women who had never smoked, those in the highest fifth of dietary riboflavin intake were 38 percent less likely to be diagnosed with lung cancer over a median 11.2 years. Other B vitamins showed no association with risk.
Vitamins
Vitamin D may help multiple sclerosis patients
A Multiple Sclerosis Journal study of 1,571 MS cases and 3,371 Swedish controls found people with a BMI of 27 or higher at age 20 were twice as likely to develop MS. A second study in Neurology suggests MS patients may do better keeping serum vitamin D high.
Vitamins
High vitamin D may prevent multiple sclerosis
Among 73 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis followed a mean 1.7 years, each doubling of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was tied to a 27 percent lower exacerbation rate, which the authors read as a beneficial effect on disease course.
Vitamins
RDAs for vitamin C should be more than doubled
The Linus Pauling Institute cites a paper in Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition urging that the vitamin C RDA rise from 75 mg for women and 90 mg for men to 200 mg a day, noting marginal deficiency in a quarter to a third of people in US and Canadian studies.
Vitamins
Vitamin D cuts colorectal cancer risk, helps survival
Reviewing three decades of research in Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, Harvard's Edward Giovannucci finds a consistent link between better vitamin D status and lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, and concludes improving vitamin D status could be beneficial.
Vitamins
Vitamin D helps depression
In an eight-week trial, 42 patients with major depression took either 1,500 IU of vitamin D3 plus 20 mg of fluoxetine or fluoxetine alone. The combination reduced depression scores more, on both the Hamilton and Beck scales, from the fourth week onward.
Vitamins
Vitamin D may prevent colorectal cancer
In 28 mice given a chemical carcinogen, higher dietary vitamin D3 was inversely associated with dysplasia scores, a precursor to colorectal cancer. The benefit leveled off above 2,500 IU/kg of diet, and blood levels stopped rising past 1,000 IU/kg.
Vitamins
Folate fights breast cancer?
In the Shanghai Women's Health Study, premenopausal women in the top quintile of folate intake were 48 percent less likely to develop breast cancer than those in the lowest. The highest niacin intake, by contrast, matched a 62 percent higher risk of ER+/PR+ disease.
Vitamins
High intake of vitamin A cuts cervical cancer risk
A meta-analysis of 15 studies covering 12,136 women found those with the highest vitamin A intake were 41 percent less likely to be diagnosed with cervical cancer than those with the lowest. The highest serum retinol levels, though, were tied to 14 percent higher risk.
Vitamins
Vitamin D deficiency linked to vertebral fractures in men with diabetes mellitus type 2
Y. J. Kim and colleagues cross-sectionally studied 341 people with type 2 diabetes and found men with serum vitamin D below 20 ng/mL were nearly eight times as likely to have vertebral fractures as men with higher levels. A similar trend in women was not significant.
Vitamins
Vitamin C, beta-carotene linked to lower risk of Alzheimer's disease
In 74 people with mild dementia and 158 matched controls, blood vitamin C and beta-carotene ran lower in those with dementia, and the top tertile was 71% less likely to carry an Alzheimer's diagnosis. Vitamin E, lycopene and coenzyme Q10 showed no link; the cross-sectional design limits conclusions.
Vitamins
Vitamin C reduces the liver injury induced by MSG
Rats were fed monosodium glutamate for 45 days with or without vitamin C at 500 mg/kg. Writing in Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, the researchers reported improvements in the liver's pathological architecture and concluded vitamin C eases MSG-induced liver injury.
Vitamins
Vitamin C plus zinc supplements fight common cold
Two small double-blind trials by Bayer researchers gave cold sufferers 1,000 mg of vitamin C plus 10 mg of zinc for five days. Each trial found a nonsignificant 9 to 27 percent shortening of runny nose; pooling the 94 subjects, the combination beat placebo and was well tolerated.
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