Among 926 men with non-metastatic prostate cancer in the Physicians' Health Study, those eating three or more daily dairy servings were 76% more likely to die of any cause and 141% more likely to die of prostate cancer. The study does not prove dairy caused it.
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Page 14 of 189
Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Supplements
Vitamin C helps diabetes mellitus type 2
Pooling five randomized trials, a review found vitamin C supplements lowered fasting blood sugar by an average of 21 mg/dL in people with diabetes mellitus, but had no effect on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
Supplements
Magnesium supplements help diabetes mellitus patients
In a 120-patient trial, fasting blood sugar among type 2 diabetes patients taking oral magnesium fell from an average 144 to 129 mg/dL over 16 weeks, compared with 145 to 134 mg/dL in the placebo group.
Supplements
Media Hype and Deceptive Garcinia Cambogia Products
Chemical testing found that most top-rated garcinia cambogia products barely contain the supplement itself. The piece traces the flood of scam products to Dr. Oz promoting the fruit as a "revolutionary fat buster," which drove a million searches a month in late 2014.
Food
Chocolate linked to lower risk diabetes mellitus
In the Physicians' Health Study, men who ate two or more servings of chocolate a day had 17 percent lower diabetes risk than men who ate none. The link ran stronger in those without cardiovascular disease and weaker among older men and those with a high body mass index.
Phytochemicals
Resveratrol may help diabetes mellitus
A review found resveratrol supplements improved systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c and creatinine in people with diabetes and appeared safe, but showed no effect on fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, triglycerides or cholesterol. The reviewers say it cannot be a first-line treatment.
Diet
Mediterranean diet lowers risk of breast cancer
In a JAMA Internal Medicine trial of 4,282 women at high cardiovascular risk, those assigned a Mediterranean diet with extra virgin olive oil were 68% less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer over five years than those on an ordinary Mediterranean diet. Nuts showed no such effect.
Vitamins
Pollutants up insulin resistance risk, but vitamin C ---
In a trial of 141 elderly people randomly assigned vitamin C or placebo for four weeks, serum PFOS and PFDoDA tracked with higher HOMA insulin resistance scores, and vitamin C blunted that effect, suggesting the antioxidant offsets oxidative stress from the pollutants.
Vitamins
Vitamin C may protect against Alzheimer's disease
Older adults with thicker carotid intima-media, an indirect marker of vascular damage, tended to have lower vitamin C levels, while vitamins A and E and antioxidant enzymes showed weaker links. The authors suggest adequate vitamin C may matter for vascular and cognitive ageing.
Food
Eating fish but not omega-3 fatty acids may lower risk of Alzheimer's disease
A meta-analysis linked higher fish intake to 36 percent lower Alzheimer's risk, with each extra 100 grams a week tied to 11 percent lower risk. Long-chain omega-3 intake showed an 11 percent reduction that was not statistically significant; neither affected other dementias.
Vitamins
Vitamin C protects against head and neck cancers
Pooled data from ten case-control studies, covering 5,959 cases and 12,248 controls, linked the highest quintile of vitamin C intake from food to 46 percent lower risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer and 48 percent lower laryngeal cancer risk. Whether supplements do the same is unknown.
Food
Eating inflammatory foods boosts colorectal cancer risk
Researchers built dietary inflammation scores from how food components relate to plasma C-reactive protein, then linked higher scores to both higher CRP and greater colorectal cancer risk. Added sugars, processed carbohydrates and frying oils count as pro-inflammatory.
Food
Cancer cells thrive on sugar
A Nature Medicine study developed an MRI method that uses injected glucose instead of radioactive tracer to make tumours show up, working from sugar's role in driving cancer growth. The authors suggest even small amounts of glucose may help cancer cells proliferate.
Food
Spicy food/peppers lower premature death risk
Following nearly 500,000 Chinese adults for an average 7.2 years, researchers recorded 20,244 deaths and found eating spicy food a couple of times a week tracked with 10 percent lower death risk, and 3 to 7 times a week with 14 percent. The study cannot show cause.
Vitamins
Vitamin D fights colorectal cancer
A meta-analysis found colorectal cancer patients in the highest quintile of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D were 37 percent less likely to die during follow-up than those in the lowest. The authors suggest restoring deficient patients to a 30-80 ng/ml range.
Vitamins
Vitamin D fights hepatitis B
Among 426 people with chronic hepatitis B followed about 13 years, those deficient in vitamin D at baseline were 90 percent more likely to develop clinical events such as liver cancer, cirrhosis complications or death. Event rates were 25.5 percent with deficiency versus 11.1 percent without.
Phytochemicals
High Total Antioxidant Capacity Reduces Risk of Breast Cancer
Among 3,209 Dutch women followed a median 17 years, high dietary ferric reducing antioxidant potential scores tracked with 32% lower breast cancer risk, though no single antioxidant did. Among smokers, low alpha- and beta-carotene intake went with sharply higher risk.
Food
Fructose may induce NAFLD
Among 427 adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, fructose intake tracked with less steatosis but more fibrosis, and in those aged 48 and older with more liver inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning. It also correlated with high triglycerides, low HDL and high uric acid.
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