A retrospective cohort study of Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants links fish oil supplement use to better cognitive test scores and less atrophy in one or more brain regions. The apparent benefits appeared only in those negative for APOE ε4.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Herbs
High doses of green tea extract may cause side effects in some patients
A case report describes a 63-year-old woman who developed acute drug-induced hepatitis after taking green tea capsules on a cancer support group's advice. Her liver injury reversed completely once she stopped, and tests found no contaminants in the capsules.
Supplements
MS patients may need vitamin supplements
A survey found 77 percent of people with multiple sclerosis had used complementary or alternative medicine in the past year, most often vitamins and minerals. Paleo dieters fell short on vitamins D and E, and Swank dieters on vitamins A, C, E and folate.
Herbs
Bitter gourd extract promotes wound healing
Researchers treated excision wounds on New Zealand rabbits for 28 days and found an olive oil extract of bitter gourd produced the best histopathological outcomes, ahead of dexpanthenol and nitrofurazone. Untreated wounds carried more inflammatory cells.
Phytochemicals
Dietary fiber lowers risk of death in patients suffering heart attack
Among 2,258 women and 1,840 men who survived a heart attack, higher fiber intake afterward was associated with a 25 percent lower risk of death, and cereal fiber with 27 percent. High intake both before and after the attack was linked to a 31 percent lower risk.
Herbs
Bioactives and Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Cardiovascular/Cerebrovascular Diseases
An editorial notes that cardiovascular disease has been the main cause of illness and death in developed countries for decades, with developing countries catching up, and that drug treatment of conventional risk factors reduces cardiovascular events.
Supplements
How does L-carnitine maintain the normal structure of sciatic nerve in crush injury?
After researchers crushed rat sciatic nerves, 30 days of L-carnitine at 50 or 100 mg/kg left axon and myelin measurements close to normal and improved nerve function, a team writing in Neural Regeneration Research reports.
Biotics
Consuming probiotics for a month helps diminish fat accumulation in the liver
University of Granada researchers report in PLOS ONE that giving obese rats three probiotic strains for 30 days reduced fat accumulation in the liver, the first stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Minerals
Iodine may alleviate swelling in retinitis pigmentosa patients' retinas
Researchers at Mass. Eye and Ear, Harvard and Boston University measured 212 nonsmoking retinitis pigmentosa patients and found retinal swelling from cystoid macular edema was inversely related to estimated dietary iodine intake, raising the possibility that supplements could help.
Diet
Gluten containing food boosts risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Researchers followed 2,291 children with a family history of type 1 diabetes from birth and found those fed gluten-containing foods before three months of age were 245 percent more likely to develop the disease than exclusively breastfed infants.
Supplements
Better weight loss diet supplemented with caffeine
Overweight and obese women who added caffeine at 5 mg per kilogram of body weight to a calorie-shifting diet lost 7.6 kg against 5.7 kg for the diet alone over four weeks, and the gap widened after a month of maintenance eating.
Minerals
Potassium supplements may increase survival in patients taking diuretics for heart failure
Penn researchers reviewed Medicaid records from 1999 to 2007 covering about 360,000 people starting loop diuretics and found better survival among those also prescribed potassium supplements, with the benefit growing at higher diuretic doses. The findings appear in PLOS ONE.
Vitamins
Niacin too dangerous for routine cholesterol therapy
A Northwestern cardiologist argues in a New England Journal of Medicine editorial that niacin should no longer be prescribed to most patients. In a four-year trial of statin-treated adults, it did not cut heart attacks or strokes and raised liver problems, infections, bleeding, gout and diabetes.
Supplements
Fish oil reduces risk of dementia
In cultures of adult rat brain cells exposed to alcohol at four times the legal driving limit, adding the fish oil compound DHA cut neuroinflammation and cell death by up to 90 percent, Loyola researchers report in PLOS ONE.
Supplements
Probiotics may help fight fatty liver
University of Granada researchers gave obese rats three probiotic strains for thirty days and saw less fat build up in the liver, the first stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The work, published in PLOS ONE, was done in rats.
Food
Walnuts may reduce Alzheimer's disease risk
Rodents bred to model Alzheimer's and fed diets with 6% or 9% walnuts showed better memory, learning, anxiety and motor development than controls. The doses correspond to 1 to 1.5 oz a day for humans; the authors suggest walnuts may help delay the disease.
Vitamins
IV vitamin C helps patients with shingles
In 67 patients with symptomatic herpes zoster, two weeks of intravenous vitamin C alongside standard treatment was followed by lower pain scores and fewer skin lesions over 12 weeks, plus less fatigue. The authors suggest concomitant IV vitamin C may ease shingles-related pain.
Minerals
Zinc supplements maintain cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease
In a small six-month trial, Alzheimer's patients aged 70 and older who took zinc supplements maintained cognition and saw serum copper fall. The article argues inorganic copper from water and supplements raises risk, and urges readers to discard supplements containing copper.
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