In a 12-week trial of 52 relapsing-remitting MS patients, 1,200 mg of lipoic acid a day lowered concentrations of INF-gamma, ICAM-1, TGF-beta and IL-4 compared with placebo, while TNF-alpha, IL-6, EDSS and MMP-9 showed no significant change.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Vitamins
Vitamin D supplements prevent tooth loss
A German study reports that each 10 microgram per litre increase in serum 25(OH)D correlated with a 13% lower risk of tooth loss after adjustment for multiple confounders. Vitamin D supplementation did not appear to protect against caries progression.
Nutrition
Multivitamin/mineral supplements lower chronic disease risk
A systematic review finds multivitamin/mineral supplements modestly but significantly reduced total and epithelial cancer in male physicians and lowered nuclear cataract incidence, while most studies found no chronic disease benefit. Reviewers blame trial design as much as the vitamins.
Supplements
S-adenosylmethionine eases functional abdominal pain in children
A six-patient pilot study at UC San Diego gave children with functional abdominal pain oral S-adenosylmethionine at 200 to 1,400 mg a day. Self-reported pain improved over two months, liver function stayed normal and no mania or depression appeared; the authors call the results promising.
Diet
Diet linked to depression
A 2014 report in the Finnish journal Duodecim links depression to diet, associating low intake of vitamin B12, folate, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D with higher risk. It says B12 and folate may also be used in treatment, while the role of fatty acids remains unclear.
Phytochemicals
Chlorogenic acid rich coffee helps insulin resistance
Ten healthy volunteers drank caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee high in chlorogenic acid, or ordinary decaf, for 14 days while overfed fructose. All three coffees lowered hepatic glucose production, but none significantly changed the liver fat that fructose overfeeding had more than doubled.
Supplements
Green coffee bean extract likely good for weight loss
A FASEB Journal report describes GCB-70, a green coffee bean extract from Cepham Inc. containing 70% chlorogenic acids, and argues it may aid weight management by boosting glucose and fat metabolism. Japanese studies suggest such extract inhibits pancreatic lipase.
Supplements
N-acetylcysteine supplements help pulmonary hypertension
Rats given monocrotaline to induce pulmonary hypertension and then treated with N-acetylcysteine showed less pulmonary vascular remodeling and lung inflammation, better total pulmonary resistance and improved right ventricular function, a Respiratory Research study reports.
Minerals
Sodium, magnesium linked to hypertension
An analysis of 24-hour urine samples from 168 participants in India found high sodium and low magnesium intake were associated with higher blood pressure. The author notes magnesium runs high in leafy greens, nuts and seeds, beans and whole grains.
Supplements
Study explains why green coffee bean extract helps weight loss
Japanese researchers found green coffee bean extract inhibited porcine pancreas lipase, with six chlorogenic acids accounting for more than 90% of the activity. Because lipase is needed to absorb fat, they suggest the extract could help prevent or treat obesity.
Diet
Mediterranean diet linked to lower type 2 diabetes mellitus risk
A meta-analysis in Metabolism pooling 17 studies and 136,846 participants found strict adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with 23 percent lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The authors suggest the diet, adapted to local foods, could help prevent the disease.
Vitamins
Statin users should take Co enzyme Q10 supplements
Statins lower serum Co-Q10 by blocking the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, putting users at risk of deficiency. A report in the Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders suggests supplementation improves that problem, and cites evidence for obesity, oxidative stress and inflammation.
Food
Coffee may raise colon cancer risk in men?
In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, men drinking 2 to 3 cups of coffee a day were 26 percent more likely and those drinking 4 or more 79 percent more likely to develop colon cancer than men drinking under a cup. No link appeared in women, and the design cannot prove cause.
Supplements
Caffeine/ephedrine induces huge weight loss
In a 24-week trial of 90 obese adults published in Obesity, caffeine plus ephedrine, with or without leptin A-200, produced about 6% weight loss and cut whole-body fat mass, while leptin alone did not. The authors call the combination a modestly effective weight loss agent.
Supplements
DHA but not ALA lowers blood pressure
Mice on a high-fat diet given DHA for 12 weeks had systolic pressure 40 mmHg and diastolic pressure 15 mmHg lower than controls, while plant-derived ALA changed neither. DHA also cut several inflammatory cytokines and left less atheroma in the distal vessels.
Diet
Vegetarian diet linked to lower cancer risk
Among 61,647 British adults followed 15 years, cancer struck 10.1 percent of meat eaters, 6.0 percent of fish eaters and 5.9 percent of vegetarians. Vegetarians had 63 percent less stomach cancer and 77 percent less multiple myeloma; overall risk was 12 percent lower for both groups.
Food
Sesame oil helps males with diabetes mellitus
In diabetic male rats, a diet enriched with 5 or 10 percent sesame oil improved testicular microstructure and raised testosterone dose-dependently, but did not lower blood sugar or protect epididymal sperm, a World Journal of Men's Health study reports.
Supplements
Spirulina platensis may prevent pancreatic cancer
Spirulina platensis and its tetrapyrroles phycocyanobilin and chlorophyllin cut proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent way and slowed tumor growth in xenotransplanted nude mice, according to a study in Annals of Hepatology.
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