An open-label randomized trial of eight type 2 diabetes patients on glyburide found that 10 days of curcumin capsules lowered LDL, VLDL and triglycerides, raised HDL and improved glycemic control, researchers at Kakatiya University in India report.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Food
Foods that dogs should not eat
Drawing on a review by Handl and Iben, the piece works through foods that can poison dogs, beginning with the methylxanthines in coffee, tea and cocoa. It stresses that dose determines toxicity and advises against feeding dogs anything potentially poisonous.
Nutrition
Kidney Patients: If You're Eating "Southern" Food, Make It Vegan
Among 3,972 chronic kidney disease patients followed six years in the REGARDS study, those eating a Southern pattern heavy in fried food, processed meat and sweetened drinks had the highest risk of death, while those on a plant-based pattern had the lowest.
Supplements
African herbal supplement may be used to treat Alzheimer's disease
Salk Institute scientists found extracts of the African plant Voacanga africana protected cells from oxidative stress, curbed inflammation and blocked beta-amyloid build-up, with the compound voacamine largely responsible. No animal or human trials have been run yet.
Food
Eating baked or broiled fish weekly boosts brain health, Pitt study says
Pitt researchers analyzed data on 260 people and report that eating baked or broiled, but not fried, fish once a week tracked with larger brain volumes in memory and cognition regions. They found no link with omega-3 levels, pointing instead to broader lifestyle factors.
Vitamins
Vitamin B12 supplements may help dementia
A Health Quality Ontario review of 18 studies published before August 2012 supports a role for low vitamin B12 in neurocognitive disorders such as dementia. B12 with folate appeared to slow brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment, and oral B12 treats deficiency.
Supplements
Maltodextrin, proline, alanine help maintain exercise performance
Mice given maltodextrin plus L-proline and DL-alanine before running held higher blood sugar late in exercise and lasted longer before exhaustion than mice given maltodextrin alone. The authors conclude the combination helps endurance performance in mice.
Supplements
Saffron supplements prevent exercise induced soreness or pain
In a trial of 39 inactive male college students, 300 mg of dried saffron daily for 10 days lowered plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase and prevented exercise-induced pain. Saffron takers also avoided the drop in isometric and isotonic force seen in controls.
Supplements
Ginkgo biloba helps diabetes mellitus type 2
In obese rats fed a high-fat diet, Ginkgo biloba extract at 500 mg/kg reduced food intake and body fat, prevented high blood sugar and dyslipidemia, and improved insulin sensitivity by acting on the insulin signaling cascade. The study was done in rats, not people.
Food
Flaxseed and its lignans fight breast cancer
A University of Toronto review finds most animal studies show flaxseed or its lignans slow breast tumour growth, and observational data tie lignan intake to lower risk, particularly after menopause. The authors say more clinical trials are needed.
Food
Red meat boosts breast cancer risk, legumes cut the risk
Harvard researchers followed 88,803 women in the Nurses' Health Study II for 20 years and found high red meat intake in early adulthood tied to 22% higher breast cancer risk. Swapping a daily serving of red meat for legumes was linked to 15% lower risk, poultry to 17%.
Food
Dietary sugar, fiber affect breast cancer risk
A Malaysian case-control study of 382 breast cancer patients and 382 controls found women in the highest quartile of added sugar intake were twice as likely to have breast cancer, while those eating the most fiber were 70% less likely. Starch showed no link.
Minerals
Magnesium supplements help physical performance in elderly women
In a 12-week trial of 139 healthy women averaging 71.5 years in a mild fitness program, 300 mg of magnesium oxide daily improved short physical performance battery scores, chair-stand times and 4-metre walking speed, most in women whose magnesium intake fell below the RDA.
Vitamins
Niacin Unsafe
In the HPS2-THRIVE study of 25,673 participants followed four years, extended-release niacin carried a 9 percent higher risk of death than placebo and did not cut heart attack or stroke risk, according to a New England Journal of Medicine report.
Food
Processed meat causes breast cancer, antioxidants prevent it
In the SU.VI.MAX trial, women eating the most processed meat were 45% more likely to develop breast cancer. The rise reached 146% among those not taking low-dose antioxidants, and disappeared among those who did.
Food
Rice bran helps human rotavirus diarrhea
In gnotobiotic pigs, rice bran at 10 percent of daily calories significantly protected against diarrhea from virulent human rotavirus and strengthened an attenuated vaccine's protection, alongside increased IFN-gamma producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses.
Food
Dietary fat linked to colon cancer
A case-control study of 215 colon cancer cases and 215 matched controls from the Defense Medical Surveillance System found people in the highest fifth of fat intake had a 237% higher risk of colon cancer, with higher intake linked to higher risk.
Food
Tree nuts good for type 2 diabetics
A meta-analysis of dietary trials in 450 patients found 56 grams of tree nuts a day matched a 0.07 percent drop in HbA1c and a 0.15 mmol/L fall in fasting glucose, with no clear effect on fasting insulin or HOMA-IR. The authors want longer, higher-quality trials to confirm it.
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