A PCRM report argues fish's heart-healthy reputation is unfounded: some fish and shellfish rival red meat for saturated fat and cholesterol, a JAMA analysis of 20 studies found no link between fish oil and heart health, and most fish carry mercury and other toxins.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Vitamins
Vitamin E, vitamin C prevent dementia
In a Honolulu Heart Program study, men taking vitamin E and C supplements had roughly 80 percent lower risk of vascular dementia and 70 percent lower risk of mixed dementia, plus better cognitive scores later. No protective effect showed up for Alzheimer's disease.
Food
Alcohol-Attributable Deaths and Years of Potential Life Lost — 11 States, 2006–2010
Eleven states applied CDC's Alcohol-Related Disease Impact tool to 2006-2010 data. The median age-adjusted alcohol-attributable death rate was 28.5 per 100,000, from 22.4 in Utah to 50.9 in New Mexico, and most deaths and years of life lost fell among adults aged 20-64.
Food
Is Venison in the U.S. Safe to Eat? Not Necessarily
More than a decade after Wisconsin's chronic wasting disease cull, the piece notes prions survive cooking, bleach, heat and radiation and persist in soil. Hunters were told to wear gloves, and officials called venison safe if brain, eyes, spinal cord, spleen and lymph nodes were avoided.
Food
Plant-Based Foods Prevent Hip Fractures
Following 63,257 people in the Singapore Chinese Health Study for about 10 years, researchers reported in the Journal of Nutrition that those eating the most vegetables, fruits and soy had a 34% lower hip fracture risk. Meat- and refined-starch-rich diets showed no protection.
Supplements
Novel antioxidant makes old arteries seem young again, CU-Boulder study finds
University of Colorado Boulder researchers gave old mice water containing the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ for four weeks and found their arteries worked like those of much younger mice, with endothelial function restored. The study appears in the Journal of Physiology.
Diet
Fishy Diet Does Not Promote Heart Health
A Canadian Journal of Cardiology review of ten studies found Greenland Eskimos had heart disease rates similar to non-Eskimos, double the overall mortality and a life expectancy ten years shorter. The authors say the high-fat “Eskimo diet” is better labeled dangerous.
Supplements
Dietary Supplement Instaflex helps joint pain
In a trial of 100 adults aged 50 to 75 with chronic joint pain, those taking the supplement Instaflex for eight weeks reported a 37 percent drop in pain severity against 16 percent on placebo. Function scores fell 39 percent versus 14 percent, the FASEB Journal report says.
Phytochemicals
Dietary fiber helps fight constipation, save medical costs
A FASEB Journal study estimates that if half of U.S. adults ate 3 more grams of fiber a day, more than $2 billion in constipation-related medical costs could be saved annually, and $12.7 billion if all adults reached 25 grams. Each extra gram tracked with a 1.9 percent lower constipation rate.
Vitamins
Antioxidant vitamins help type 2 diabetes mellitus
A meta-analysis of 10 trials found antioxidant vitamin supplements made no overall difference to endothelial function in type 2 diabetes, but did improve it in patients with a BMI under 29.45. The authors say vitamin E and C may help non-obese patients specifically.
Food
Drinking poses greater risk for advanced liver disease in HIV/hep C patients (PR)
A study in Clinical Infectious Diseases found people co-infected with HIV and chronic hepatitis C faced a much greater risk of advanced liver fibrosis at every level of drinking, including light "nonhazardous" drinking. Vincent Lo Re says clinicians should counsel patients to cut back.
Supplements
Dietary supplement EDiSON helps erectile dysfunction
Two small trials tested EDiSON, a blend including Panax ginseng, maca, Mucuna pruriens, L-arginine and CoQ10. No adverse events appeared in 15 healthy men, and among 14 men with mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction, IIEF-5 scores improved significantly from baseline at four and eight weeks.
Vitamins
Vitamin D may not help prevent breast cancer?
An analysis of 582 breast cancer cases and matched controls from the Nurses' Health Study II found no link between calculated free 25(OH)D, or vitamin D binding protein, and overall breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. It was not a trial.
Food
Investigators find something fishy with classical evidence for dietary fish recommendation
Reviewing 40 years of later research, investigators reported in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology that Bang and Dyerberg never measured coronary artery disease among Greenland Eskimos, and that the group had the disease at rates similar to Caucasian populations.
Minerals
Iron in Meat Linked to Heart Disease
A Journal of Nutrition meta-analysis of 21 studies covering 292,454 people over an average of ten years found heme iron from meat linked to a 57 percent higher risk of heart disease, while non-heme iron from vegetables showed no relationship to risk or death.
Diet
Study: Low-fat diet helps fatigue in people with MS (PR)
People with MS who followed the very low-saturated-fat, plant-based McDougall Diet for a year had much less fatigue than a control group, an OHSU trial found. MRI brain lesions and other MS measures showed no significant difference between the groups.
Food
Fiber Extends Life After a Heart Attack
A BMJ study of 4,098 heart attack survivors linked a high-fiber diet to a 31 percent lower risk of dying and a 35 percent lower risk of death from heart disease. Fiber, especially from grains, cuts inflammation, lowers bad cholesterol and improves insulin sensitivity.
Food
High dietary fiber grain products prevent obesity
Following 74,091 US nurses from 1984 to 1996, Simin Liu's team found women with the largest rise in dietary fiber intake gained 1.52 kg less than those with the smallest, and women in the top quintile of fiber intake were 49 percent less likely to have a major weight gain.
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