An Italian case-control study of 326 pancreatic cancer patients and 652 controls, run from 1991 to 2008, found a diet with high total antioxidant capacity was linked to up to 40 percent lower risk. About 53,070 Americans were expected to be diagnosed with the disease in 2016.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Supplements
Free radical scavengers reduce radiation-induced DNA damage
Ionizing radiation generates reactive oxygen species that damage DNA. A 2001 study found scavengers such as DMSO, glycerol or cysteamine present during exposure helped protect DNA and improve cell survival. The article's extension to antioxidant supplements is theoretical.
Supplements
Trehalose good for artery function
In a University of Colorado Boulder trial, adults aged 50 to 77 who ate 100 grams of trehalose a day for 12 weeks improved resistance artery endothelial function by about 30 percent, but only among participants whose weight changed by no more than five pounds.
Supplements
Red yeast rice supplement acts like statins
In a 12-week double-blind trial in India of 191 untreated patients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, a supplement combining red yeast rice, grape seed, niacinamide and folic acid cut LDL cholesterol by 29.4%, against 3.5% on placebo.
Food
Chlorella helps people using high cholesterol diet
In a four-week trial, 34 adults ate three eggs supplying 510 mg of cholesterol daily with either five grams of chlorella or placebo. Total cholesterol and LDL rose 3.5 and 1.7 percent on chlorella against 9.8 and 14.3 percent on placebo, while HDL rose more.
Phytochemicals
L-citrilline supplements help erectile dysfunction
In a small Italian trial, 50 percent of men with mild erectile dysfunction who took 1.5 grams of L-citrulline daily for a month improved erection hardness from score 3 to 4, against 8 percent on placebo. None reported side effects, but it worked less well than PDE-5 inhibitors.
Supplements
L-carnitine, L-arginine and niacin help erectile dysfunction
In a 2012 trial of a supplement combining propionyl-L-carnitine, L-arginine and niacin, men with erectile dysfunction saw a small but significant improvement after three months. Up to 40% had better erections and 77% partially responded, the authors report.
Supplements
Testosterone supplements help erectile dysfunction
A meta-analysis of 41 of 1,702 reports found testosterone supplementation improved erectile function and other aspects of sexual response in hypogonadal men, and may add to PDE5 inhibitors. The authors caution that only industry-sponsored trials still showed effects after weighing bias.
Minerals
Zinc supplement boosts serum zinc, immunity in older people
In a small Tufts trial of 25 older adults reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, three months of a multivitamin with 30 mg of zinc raised serum zinc and increased the number and effectiveness of T-cells compared with a multivitamin carrying only 5 mg.
Supplements
Nutrition supplement lowers death risk in hospitalized patients
In an Abbott-supported trial of 652 malnourished patients aged 65 and older hospitalized with heart or lung disease, those given a high-protein supplement with HMB and vitamin D were 50 percent less likely to die within 90 days of discharge. Readmission rates did not differ.
Vitamins
Slowing Parkinson’s with CoQ10, decreasing hospitalizations, and more
Benita Lee's primer on coenzyme Q10 notes the body holds about 2 grams, concentrated in the heart, and needs 30-100 mg from the diet while European and Asian intakes average 3-6 mg. Levels drop with age, smoking and certain diseases, and statins can block a step in its synthesis.
Vitamins
Vitamin E, beta-carotene cut risk of Parkinson's disease
In a Japanese case-control study of 249 Parkinson's patients and 368 controls, high intake of vitamin E and beta-carotene was associated with 55 percent and 44 percent lower risk of the disease. No association appeared for vitamin C, alpha-carotene, cryptoxanthin, vegetables or fruit.
Vitamins
Ascorbate against MSG induced neurotoxicity
Researchers at the University of Navarra reported that glutamate kills dopaminergic neurons by driving oxidative stress, and that vitamin C protected the cells in a laboratory model of human neurons exposed to prolonged glutamate.
Vitamins
Vitamin C prevents esophageal cancer
A dose-response meta-analysis of more than a dozen reports found vitamin C intake inversely associated with esophageal cancer risk, suggesting supplements may cut it by up to 42%, with each additional 50 mg a day linked to a 13% lower risk.
Vitamins
Vitamin C lowers risk of lung cancer
A meta-analysis of 18 reports linked high vitamin C intake to a 17 percent lower rate of lung cancer diagnosis than low intake, with a dose-response pattern of 7 percent lower risk for each additional 100 mg a day. The association was stronger in studies of Americans.
Phytochemicals
Turmeric/curcumin help skin diseases
A systematic review of 18 clinical studies found ten reporting significant improvement in skin conditions, among them acne, alopecia, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo, with oral or topical turmeric or curcumin. The reviewers call this early evidence and want more studies.
Supplements
Red grape seed extract helps hyperlipidemia
In a trial of 70 patients with mild to moderate hyperlipidemia, eight weeks of red grape seed extract at 200 mg a day lowered triglycerides, LDL and total cholesterol while raising HDL, apolipoprotein AI and paraoxonase activity.
Diet
Healthy diet lowers breast disease risk
Women who mostly ate a healthy pattern of fish, poultry, eggs, low-fat dairy, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and fruit were 56% less likely to develop benign breast disease than those eating a Western-style pattern, a British Journal of Nutrition study found.
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