In a controlled feeding study, participants ate six three-week diets that steadily added carbohydrate and cut fat. Total blood saturated fat did not rise and fell in most people, while palmitoleic acid, a fatty acid linked to diabetes and heart disease risk, tracked closely with carb intake.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Food
Compass Natural Fall 2014 News: GMO Labeling, Pesticides in Tea, and More
A newsletter roundup: biotech, pesticide and junk food lobbies spent over $45 million in 2014 as voters in Oregon and Colorado rejected GMO labeling ballot measures, while Maui passed a ban on GMO agriculture by about 1,000 votes. A second piece asks what pesticide residues stay on non-organic tea.
Herbs
Efficacy and Safety of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus
An editorial introducing a special issue of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine on the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants used to manage diabetes mellitus, edited by Musa T. Yakubu and five colleagues.
Herbs
Gymnema sylvestre supplements help type 2 diabetes mellitus
A study in the Indian Journal of Pharmacological Science found 21 days of Gymnema sylvestre ethanol extract improved lipids, insulin and blood pressure in diabetic mice fed a high-fat diet. A 1990 trial in 22 people with type 2 diabetes reported lower blood glucose and reduced drug doses.
Food
New Research Adds Spice to Curcumin’s Health-Promoting Benefits
Ohio State researchers report that a curcumin formulation mixed with castor oil and polyethylene glycol carries the spice's anti-inflammatory effects beyond the gut, where most supplements stay. The study appears in the Nov. 4, 2014 issue of PLOS ONE.
Diet
High-fat diet postpones brain aging
Mice carrying the DNA repair defect behind Cockayne syndrome showed signs of delayed brain aging after being fed medium chain fatty acids from coconut oil. Lead author Vilhelm Bohr says patients with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's may benefit in the long term.
Diet
Diets high in fruit, vegetables, whole grains and nuts among factors to lower first-time stroke risk
Updated American Heart Association and American Stroke Association guidelines say Mediterranean or DASH-style diets with nuts, regular activity, controlled blood pressure, less sodium and not smoking lower first-stroke risk. Modifiable risk factors account for 90 percent of strokes.
Supplements
HPV infections in women eradicated by AHCC, Japanese mushroom extract
In a ten-woman pilot study presented at a Society for Integrative Oncology meeting, HPV-positive women took the mushroom extract AHCC daily for up to six months. Five tested negative, three with eradication confirmed after stopping AHCC, and two responders stayed on the study.
Diet
EWG’s Food Scores: Rate Your Plate
EWG promotes its new Food Scores database, which rates foods on nutrition, ingredient concerns such as additives and contaminants, and processing. It reports nearly 60% of the foods in the database contain added sugar, including 92% of granola and trail mix bars.
Food
Tea and citrus products could lower ovarian cancer risk, new UEA research finds
UEA researchers tracked the diets of 171,940 women aged 25 to 55 for more than three decades and found those eating more flavonols and flavanones had a lower risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Two cups of black tea a day was linked to 31% lower risk.
Food
Fermented carrot juice may help type 2 diabetes mellitus
In rats given a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes, five weeks of carrot juice fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 helped regulate blood glucose, hormones and lipids, and restored antioxidant capacity and pancreas and kidney structure.
Diet
Calorie restriction extends your lifespan by 20%
In mice, a low-fat diet with calories cut 30 percent for life extended lifespan by about 20 percent, and exercise added nothing on top of it; exercise alone lengthened life 16 percent on a high-fat diet. The low-calorie diet also shifted gut bacteria toward lactobacillus.
Food
Soy, allium vegetables, mushroom prevent cancer
A South Korean study links high soy intake to nearly 70 percent lower gastric cancer risk, allium vegetables to 63 percent lower and mushrooms to 57 percent lower. Salt and kimchi tracked with 92 and 121 percent higher gastric cancer risk, and meat with 25 percent more colorectal cancer.
Food
Fresh milk keeps infections at bay
In the pan-European PASTURE study of 1,000 children, those fed fresh unprocessed cow's milk had fewer colds, respiratory infections, fevers and middle-ear inflammations than those given UHT milk - up to 30% lower risk. The authors warn raw milk can still carry pathogens.
Food
Binge drinking in young men linked with increased risk of hypertension
In an analysis of 8,605 Growing Up Today Study participants, frequent binge drinking over the past year was linked to a 1.7-times higher likelihood of hypertension in young adult men. Binge drinking showed no link in young women, while light to moderate use tracked with lower risk.
Diet
High-fat meals could be more harmful to males than females
Male mice fed a high-fat, high-sugar diet developed brain inflammation and heart damage that female mice on the same diet did not, Cedars-Sinai researchers report in Cell Reports. The lead author says the females appeared to have strong protection against those effects.
Diet
Paleolithic diet, Mediterranean diet linked to lower colorectal cancer
Comparing 564 people with colorectal cancer to 1,202 controls, researchers found the top fifth for Paleolithic and Mediterranean diet scores were 29 and 26 percent less likely to be diagnosed. Measured against community controls, the reductions were 16 and 23 percent.
Vitamins
Vitamin D prevents intestinal fibrosis in IBD
In mice made vitamin D deficient and given chronic colitis, a vitamin D-sufficient diet significantly lowered histological scores for intestinal fibrosis, which researchers in Nanjing read as a prophylactic effect. The work was done in mice, not patients.
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