Among more than 65,000 women followed by Brigham and Women's researchers, those eating at least two servings of fish a week were 20 percent less likely to develop hearing loss than those who ate less or none, suggesting omega-3s may lower the odds of acquired hearing loss.
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Nutrition
Vitamins, minerals, supplements, herbs and diet: the research on how what we eat shapes our health.
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Vitamins
Vitamin D prevents cardiac failure
A review of 21 studies linked vitamin D supplementation to an 18 percent lower risk of cardiac failure, and an analysis of RECORD trial data put the reduction at 25 percent. Neither analysis found lower risk of heart attack or stroke. RECORD used 800 IU a day.
Biotics
Probiotic helps prevent breast cancer
In rats exposed to the carcinogen DMBA, the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07, with or without inulin, significantly suppressed tumor frequency, raised CD4+ T cells in tumor tissue and lowered serum TNF-alpha. The authors credit immunomodulatory mechanisms for the effect.
Diet
More than 40 percent of sodium comes from 10 common types of food
A CDC Vital Signs report finds more than 90 percent of US children aged 6 to 18 eat more sodium than recommended, and about 43 percent of it comes from ten foods, led by pizza, bread and rolls, cold cuts, savory snacks and sandwiches.
Diet
CDC report finds sodium consumption high among U.S. children
A CDC Vital Signs report using 2009-2010 NHANES data finds more than 90 percent of U.S. children aged 6 to 18 eat more sodium than recommended, averaging about 3,300 mg a day. Ten foods, led by pizza and bread, supply roughly 43 percent of it.
Minerals
Moringa oleifera supplement good source of iron
Rats made iron-deficient over 10 weeks recovered better on a Moringa oleifera leaf supplement given with vitamin C than on ferric citrate, a common iron supplement.
Supplements
Dietary fiber psyllium helps fecal incontinence
In a trial of 189 people with fecal incontinence given 16 grams of fiber a day for 32 days, only psyllium reduced episodes compared with placebo, while carboxymethylcellulose increased them. All the supplements were well tolerated.
Supplements
Protein supplements help grow muscle, enhance strength/performance
A review of more than 30 studies found protein supplements did not build lean mass or strength during the first weeks of resistance training in untrained people, but did promote strength gains in trained and untrained adults as training duration, frequency and volume rose.
Supplements
Omega 3 fatty acids help hypertension
Among hypertensive patients seen at a hospital in Ajman, UAE, three months of omega-3 supplementation was associated with significant drops in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, particularly among men, and among non-diabetics and patients with hypertension.
Vitamins
Diabetes mellitus patients should take vitamin D supplements
A Chinese study of 350 patients with type 2 diabetes found those with carotid plaques had significantly lower blood vitamin D than those without, and that carotid intima-media thickness was greater in patients with lower vitamin D levels.
Diet
Mediterranean diet prevents cardiodiabesity
A review of 37 studies found 33 of them linking closer adherence to the Mediterranean diet with lower risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obesity. The authors credit olive oil, fish omega-3s and antioxidants from beans and vegetables, plus limited meat.
Supplements
Microalga Chlamydomonas debaryana helps IBD
In rats with chemically induced colitis, the microalga Chlamydomonas debaryana and its oxylipin (13S)-HOTE limited weight loss and colon shortening, reduced colonic damage and raised mucus production, a University of Seville team reports, pointing to an anti-inflammatory effect.
Food
Not all proteins have the same effect on bone health
A Tulane-led study found no consistent link between total or animal protein intake and bone quality, but white women eating more vegetable protein had higher volumetric bone mineral density. Higher protein substituted for fat was not tied to poor bone health.
Vitamins
Dietary vitamin D, calcium prevent arterial stiffness
Among 535 Japanese men aged 35 to 69, dietary calcium intake was inversely associated with a measure of arterial stiffness, but the link was striking only in men with higher vitamin D intake. Vitamin D alone showed no association. The authors say adequate intakes of both may protect.
Supplements
Spirulina a good source of vitamin A
Chinese school-age children given two or four grams of spirulina five days a week for ten weeks increased their total-body vitamin A stores, a study found, pointing to the alga as a beta-carotene source the body converts to vitamin A only as needed.
Supplements
Bilberry extract helps type 2 diabetes mellitus
In a crossover study, eight men with diet-controlled type 2 diabetes took a concentrated bilberry extract or placebo before a glucose-equivalent drink. The extract lowered post-meal blood sugar and insulin, apparently by slowing carbohydrate digestion.
Supplements
Alpha-lipoic acid reduces brain injury induced by methionine/choline deficiency
University of Belgrade researchers fed mice a methionine/choline deficient diet, which raised malondialdehyde and NOx across brain regions. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation normalized those markers and raised catalase activity and glutathione, which the authors say may prevent such injury.
Food
Polyunsaturated fat linked to epithelial ovarian cancer
People eating the most polyunsaturated fat were 22% more likely to develop epithelial ovarian cancer than those eating the least. No link appeared for total, animal, plant, saturated or monounsaturated fat, cholesterol or fatty fish. The author points to omega-6 from vegetable oils.
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