Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes given 300 mg/kg of Psidium guajava (guava) leaf extract for 30 days showed lower serum glucose and HbA1c and higher insulin. The authors credit flavonoids and other phenolic components in the extract.
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Supplements
Dietary supplements: evidence, safety and new products.
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Supplements
Astaxanthin may slow brain aging
Liu Xuebo's team reports astaxanthin restored glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity and raised total antioxidant capacity in rats, easing the oxidative stress that promotes brain aging. The authors suggest supplements or astaxanthin-rich foods may help.
Supplements
N-acetylcysteine supplementation prevents hypertension
Rats bred for spontaneous hypertension did not develop high blood pressure while given a 2 percent N-acetylcysteine solution, while untreated rats did. The Taiwanese team traced the effect to restored activity of DDAH, the enzyme that clears asymmetric dimethylarginine.
Supplements
Quercetin supplement may help type 2 diabetes mellitus
Animals fed a high-fat, high-sugar diet with quercetin at 30 mg/kg body weight daily for six weeks showed significantly lower fructosamine, basal glucose, insulin and insulin resistance than those on the diet alone.
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Omega 3 fatty acids plus alpha lipoic acid help Alzheimer's disease
In a 12-month trial in 32 Alzheimer's patients, omega-3 plus alpha lipoic acid slowed decline on the MMSE and instrumental daily living scores compared with placebo, and omega-3 alone slowed IADL decline. Neither affected ADAS-Cog scores or F2-isoprostane levels.
Supplements
Spirulina compounds prevent nephropathy in diabetes mellitus
In diabetic mice, oral phycocyanin at 300 mg/kg for 10 weeks protected against albuminuria and renal mesangial expansion and normalized oxidative stress markers. A second spirulina compound, phycocyanobilin, showed similar antioxidant activity at 15 mg/kg in two weeks.
Supplements
Curcumin prevents fatty diet induced obesity, fatty liver, dyslipidemia
In a study in Atherosclerosis, Hasana and colleagues found curcumin cut body weight gain, body fat and uptake of oxidized LDL in mice on a high-fat diet. Medium doses reduced fatty streaks and inflammatory markers, while high doses may act as a pro-oxidant.
Supplements
Yeast hydrolysate new weapon to fight obesity?
In a Korean trial, obese adults taking 1 gram of yeast hydrolysate daily lost 2.60 kg over 10 weeks while controls gained 0.83 kg, and the supplement group ended with less total abdominal fat area. No side effects were reported.
Supplements
Garlic supplements fight hypertension
Reviewing clinical trials, Iranian researchers report that garlic supplementation lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure, though not every trial found a benefit. They attribute the effect to hydrogen sulfide and to allicin derived from garlic.
Supplements
Antioxidant vitamins, magnesium prevent hearing loss
Among 2,592 U.S. adults surveyed in NHANES, people with high intakes of beta-carotene, vitamin C and magnesium had lower hearing thresholds at high frequencies, meaning better hearing, than those with low intakes. The authors note earlier evidence came mostly from animals.
Supplements
Body fortress names IFBB PRO and active duty U.S. Marine XAVISUS GAYDEN to athlete roster
Body Fortress signed IFBB Pro Xavisus Gayden, the first active-duty U.S. Marine to earn an IFBB Pro card, to its athlete roster. He will appear in brand advertising, write fitness articles for its newsletter and make event appearances; he is based at Camp Pendleton in California.
Supplements
Omega 3 fatty acids improve conditions induced by vitamin B12 deficiency/supplementation
In rats, a vitamin B12-deficient or B12-supplemented diet during pregnancy and lactation reduced litter size and offspring body weight, while adding long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eased the effect. The researchers link the two nutrients through the one-carbon cycle.
Supplements
Cystine based antioxidant prevents aging-related loss of muscle mass
Seventeen-month-old mice fed a cystine-based supplement of L-cystine, glycine, selenomethionine and glutamine for six months lost significantly less muscle mass, and showed fewer of the oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle cell death markers that rose with age.
Supplements
Resveratrol prevents HFCS-induced vascular insulin resistance
Rats fed 20% of calories as high fructose corn syrup for 12 weeks developed raised triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, glucose and insulin and impaired insulin-mediated relaxation. Adding resveratrol at 28-30 mg/kg restored many of those changes, possibly via eNOS and iNOS.
Supplements
Dietary supplements fight hepatitis C virus *****
A study in Antioxidants tested 45 milk thistle products and found silymarin content varied widely, from more than 75 percent active ingredient down to almost none, and that content tracked with how strongly a supplement acted against hepatitis C virus.
Supplements
Curcumin reduces fatty liver risk in those eating a high fat diet
Curcumin treatment lowered liver triglycerides and serum fetuin-A in rats eating a high-fat diet. Fetuin-A tracks with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and fatty liver, and the authors suggest its reduction may account for part of curcumin's benefit against obesity.
Supplements
Antioxidants protect against radiation induced DNA damage
Researchers treated human lymphocytes with hydrogen peroxide plus antioxidants and found dietary flavonoids such as luteolin, myricetin and quercetin protected against DNA damage more effectively than vitamin C, dose-dependently, according to the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Supplements
Caffeine boosts exercise performance by enhancing fat metabolism
Nine competitive cyclists rode an average of 90 minutes after drinking coffee with 330 mg of caffeine, against 76 minutes after decaffeinated coffee. Fat oxidation rose to 1.31 grams per minute from 0.75, while carbohydrate metabolism was similar in the small trial.
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